Irrigation winter wheat area in North China Plain (all in Shandong Province and Tianjin City, south central of Hebei Province, south central Beijing, north central Henan Province, Guanzhong Plain of Shaanxi Province, southern Shanxi Province)
1. Fertilization management principles
(1) According to the growth of seedlings, apply nitrogen fertilizer in different parts, increase the proportion of application in the middle and late stages of jointing; determine the amount and time of topdressing according to the amount of base (basic) fertilizer application, seedling condition, temperature and soil fertility; Miao, when the topdressing.
(2) According to the soil moisture and water retention and fertilizer conservation capacity, the irrigation amount and time should be reasonably determined to achieve the integration of water and fertilizer management.
(3) Grasp the favorable opportunity for wheat to return to green, and take timely measures to promote the transformation of weak seedlings and increase the rate of ear formation; control the long field to prevent the late fall.
2. Fertilization advice
(1) Before returning to green, the total number of stems per acre is less than 450,000. The three types of wheat fields with lighter leaf color and poor growth should be managed in time for fertilizer and water, and spring topdressing can be carried out twice. For the first time in the greening period, 5~8 kg of urea was applied per acre with the watering; the second time was 5~10 kg of urea per acre with the watering at the jointing stage.
(2) Before returning to green, the total number of stems per acre is between 45,000 and 600,000, and the second group of wheat fields with a small population is 10 to 15 kilograms of urea per acre combined with watering in the wheat body.
(3) Before returning to green, the total number of stems per acre is between 60,000 and 800,000. A suitable group of wheat fields can be combined with watering for 12 to 15 kilograms per acre during jointing.
(4) Before returning to green, the total number of stems per acre is more than 800,000, the color of leaves is dark green, and there is a tendency to grow. The cultivating should be carried out during the regreening period, delaying the application of nitrogen fertilizer and reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer, controlling the population and preventing lodging. It is late with greed. Generally, 8~10 kg of urea can be applied per acre in the late stage of jointing.
(5) Wheat that has been damaged by early spring damage should be immediately applied with 5-10 kg of urea and watered to promote early tillering of wheat, increase the rate of tillering and reduce the damage of freezing damage.
(6) It is necessary to apply diammonium phosphate to the base fertilizer without applying phosphate fertilizer or phosphorus deficiency field. The application of potassium fertilizer or less application is recommended to apply nitrogen and potassium compound fertilizer in the greening or jointing stage; combined with the control of sheath blight, one spray and three defenses, the fertilizer should be compensated for phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; there is no irrigation condition or no effective precipitation. In the spring, foliar application of urea and potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be applied to fertilize water.
(7) Potassium dihydrogen phosphate, boron fertilizer and zinc fertilizer can be sprayed on the foliar surface of wheat during grain filling to prevent dry hot air and lodging, increase grouting intensity and increase grain weight.
(8) In the wheat field of sulfur-deficient area, if the base fertilizer is not applied with superphosphate, potassium sulfate or sulfur-based compound fertilizer, the ammonium sulfate should be applied in the first topdressing, and the amount of sulfur applied per mu is about 2 kg.
(9) Many farmers do not squat after rotary tillage, resulting in deep sowing of deep seedlings, low tillering, and weak seedlings. It is recommended to apply 10~15 kg of urea during the returning period.
This article URL: Guiding Opinions on Scientific Fertilization Technology for Irrigation Winter Wheat Area in North China Plain in Spring of 2015
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