How is white carp planted? White 芨 is actually a white, synonym, mainly distributed in our southwest, east China, central and southern regions, it is understood that Guizhou's white carp production is the best. White sputum attending hemoptysis, vomiting blood, traumatic bleeding, sore swollen, skin chapped. Let's learn about the standardized and high-yield planting techniques in Shaanxi Province.
1 growth habits
The white pheasant is warm, humid and cool, and is afraid of stains, freezing, and cold. Wild white pheasant is suitable for growing on hills, low mountain valleys and hillside shaded grasses, understory wetlands and other places.
2 morphological characteristics
White peony is a perennial herb with a high growth difference between 18 and 60 cm. The tubers are fleshy and white with a horn-like shape. There are fibrous roots and several genus together; flowers 3 to 8 flowers, racemes, pale purple, Petals are not tidy; pseudobulbs are oblate stellate, with linear roots; stems thick and stiff; stems and leaves 4-6, narrow, entire, gradually narrowed to the upper end, base narrowed into tubular sheath, sheath clasp; Capsules cylindrical, slightly pointed at both ends; seeds small and numerous; flowering period 4 to 5 months, fruiting period 7 to 8 months. There is also a kind of white hibiscus that is yellow-white, that is, narrow-leaf white pheasant. In the purple safflower, there are also large and small species, and the yield of large tubers is higher.
3 Cultivation techniques
In the north of Shaanxi, the Qinling Mountains and the Nanping Bashan Mountains, the Han River flows through from the west to the east, and Ankang is in the middle of southern Shaanxi. It belongs to the transitional zone of the subtropical continental monsoon climate. It is located in the southernmost part of the north and the northernmost part of the south. The climate in the four seasons is distinct, the winter is not cold, the summer is not hot, the rainfall is abundant, the gas is humid, the frost-free period is long, and it has typical southern climate characteristics. It is a bridge for the transition between the South and the North in China, and a rare treasure trove of various wild animal and plant resources in the country. It is also a suitable area for the white peony. With the resource conservation, market development and scientific production of the white peony in recent years, the standardized cultivation techniques of the white peony have been summarized through experiments, demonstrations and extensions. The average yield per mu of dried white peony is 200kg, calculated according to the market price of 50 yuan/kg, and the annual average output value is 10,000 yuan. If you sell it with seedlings, the income is higher.
.jpg "Key points of standardized cultivation techniques for white carp in Shaanxi Province")
3.1 Land selection, site preparation
3.1.1 Site selection
Because the white peony is warm, hi-wet, afraid of water, afraid of freezing, and cold-tolerant, the soil should be selected to be deep, fertile, loose, damp, and well drained when planting white peony. The soil is a plot of sand, sandy loam and humus loam. . Before the sowing, the farmer's fertilizer is 1 000~1 500 kg, or 50 kg of the ternary compound fertilizer is applied. The tillage makes the soil and fertilizer fully mixed.
3.1.2 Site preparation
3~7d before the floor, use 48% trifluralin emulsifiable concentrate 100~150mL per acre, evenly spray the soil surface with water 40kg, kill the grass species in the soil, deep tillage before planting, the depth is not less than 20cm, mu High-quality and decomposed farmyard manure 1 500kg, deep into the soil as a base fertilizer, and then open the ridge, the ridge width is 1.4m, the ridge height is 20cm, and the ploughing is fine and the surface is waiting for sowing.
3.2 Seed selection, sowing
3.2.1 Selection
It can be selected in spring and autumn. It can be selected in spring in March, and can be selected after harvesting in autumn from September to October in autumn. The old stalks and the buds of the buds of the year are selected for seeding, requiring no mites, mildew, Rotting and mechanical damage, while digging and planting.
3.2.2 Sowing
The best period for cultivation of white peony is from March to April. After the vernal equinox, the dip is 15cm and the row spacing is 20~30cm. The depth of the nest is 10~15cm. The bottom of the nest should be flat. Then the stems of the shoots are divided into small pieces. One or two buds should be guaranteed on each small piece. The seedlings with the buds are evenly planted in each nest of 3, each of the stems and buds are triangularly offset from each other, placed flat on the bottom of the nest, and then covered with finely fermented farmyard manure. . It can also be mixed with humus soil or fine sand and fine soil to cover the compaction. The covering of the nest should be parallel with the surface of the suede. It can be emerged in April, and the amount of seed per acre is about 100kg.
3.3 Field Management
3.3.1 weeding
The white sorghum plants are short, and the weeds grow vigorously during cultivation, and the weeds that grow grow inhibit the growth of white peony seedlings. When the plant seedling height is 3~6cm, the cultivating and weeding is 1~4 times. The first time after emergence in March~4; the second time in June, at this time, the temperature is high, the precipitation is much, the weeds grow fast, and the white seedlings are short, so we must timely cultivate and weed, avoid grass shortage; the third time is 7~ In August, at this time, the growth of white peony basically stopped and entered the dormant period. The purpose of weeding was to prevent weeds. The fourth time in August-September, when weeding, weaved the surface and avoided the damage to stem buds and roots. The plants are short and can not hold the weeds. The cultivating and weeding can promote the growth of the white peony seedlings. After the growth stops in the winter, the ground will be cleaned and the impurities and impurities will be cleaned up.
3.3.2 Top dressing
White peony is fat, and each time the cultivating and weeding, the application of light human excrement 500kg plus superphosphate 10~20kg. If there is sheep manure, when weeding for the first time, more than 100kg of fertilized sheep manure per acre will be used.
3.3.3 Water Management
White 芨 芨 阴 阴 阴 , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , White cockroaches are afraid of cockroaches, and should drain in time after heavy rain to avoid rotten roots.
3.3.4 Pest Control
During the growth of white peony, pests and diseases are mainly prevented. In the spring and summer, there is too much rain, and root rot and leaf spot are prone to occur, mainly affecting leaves and roots, leading to plant death. Insect pests are mainly underground pests, such as small tigers, golden worms, scorpions, red spiders, and scorpions.
Disease prevention and control methods: anti-smashing and anti-staining, keeping the drainage smooth, the field humidity should not be too large, pay special attention to not let the plants soak in the accumulated water for a long time, chemical control: use 65% of the zinc and 500 times of methyl Tobuzin 100~150g spray with water. Pest control methods: artificial capture and artificial trapping can be used, chemical control: imidacloprid, ground worms mixed with toxic soil, combined with soil preparation into the soil, can also be used 50% zinc sulphur phosphorus EC 700 times solution, 90% trichlorfon 1 000 Double liquid or 40% dimethoate 1 000 times liquid spray.
4 Harvesting and processing
Two or three years after the planting of the white peony, the tuber can be harvested after the stalks of the ground in the fourth year from September to October. At this time, there are about ten tubers in the ground, and the clumps grow together. If the harvest is too late, the individual will develop poorly, so it should be harvested at the right time. During the excavation, the dead leaves and impurities of the ground are thoroughly removed. After the tubers are harvested, the roots and soil on the tubers are removed and the processing is awaited. When processing, remove the tubers separately, first select the old stalk tubers for seed use, then cut off the stalks, soak them in clear water for 1 hour, wash the soil and remove them, use the feet to step off the rough skin, wash and put in boiling water. Cook for 5~10min. When there is no white heart in the tuber, remove it and dry it, then remove impurities. Generally, fresh products are harvested from 700 to 1 000 kg per acre and can be processed from 150 to 250 kg. It is a high-quality product with a large head, full and smooth, white color, translucent and solid texture.
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