Apricot is a drought-tolerant tree species, but watering it in a reasonable and timely manner can not only increase the production of apricot trees, but also extend the lifespan of the tree. Especially in hilly and mountainous areas, due to the lack of water sources, it is only possible to supply apricot trees with rain, so the yield is low and the quality is poor. Therefore, irrigation is an important guarantee for high yield and quality of fresh apricots. Then, when is the apricot tree watered, what is the best way to water it?
Number of watering in a year
The number of watered fresh apricots in a year depends on the phenology and precipitation of the tree. In the “Three North†area, it is usually watered 4 times a year. The details are as follows:
For the first time, apricot flower buds begin to germinate, from late March to early April (usually 15 days before flowering). Watering this time can ensure that the apricot tree blossoms are in order and the branches grow smoothly, and the apricot tree fruit setting rate is improved to prevent falling flowers and falling fruit. At the same time, flowering can be postponed for 2 to 3 days, which is beneficial to avoiding late frost damage.
The second time, in the apricot fruit hard core period, that is, in mid-June. This period is exactly the period of flower bud differentiation, and it is also the critical period of water requirement for fresh apricots. If there is little or no drought during this period, it will cause a large number of physiological fruit drop and affect the formation of flower buds in the second year, which will have an adverse effect on the apricot fruit yield in the current year and the second year.
The third time, before and after the harvest of apricot fruit, that is, in mid-late July. This watering can guarantee normal differentiation of flower buds, growth, aging and maturation of shoots. If it is rainy this time, do not water it.
The fourth time, before the soil was frozen. This time, combined with the use of Shiji fertilizer to seal frozen water, especially in areas with little snow in winter, pouring frozen water can improve the cold resistance and flower bud differentiation quality of flower buds.
Second, watering method
1. Tree tray irrigation
Open a ditch on one side of the tree tray and water the tree trays one by one. This method is suitable for areas with relatively abundant water sources. It has a large amount of water, but it is easy to be drenched and has a good effect.
2. Hole irrigation
This method should be adopted where water is inconvenient and watering is difficult. Under the canopy, dig 6 to 10 small holes with a depth of 30 to 50 centimeters. The diameter of the upper mouth is 30 centimeters, and the diameter of the lower mouth is 40 centimeters. After irrigation, cover the plastic film in the tree tray, and also use defoliation or weeds to cover the irrigation hole tightly so that it can be used in the next irrigation or closure of rainwater.
3. Spraying method
(1) Benefits of sprinkler irrigation: Sprinkler irrigation is a major reform and development of traditional surface irrigation methods. Since the 1950s, all countries in the world have been widely used. Sprinkler irrigation advantages
1 convenient. It is not restricted by topography and climatic conditions and has a wide range of applications. It is particularly suitable for dry and dry areas, high soil permeability and complex hilly terrain.
2 provincial water. Compared with surface irrigation, sprinkler irrigation saves 30% to 50% of water, sand soil saves water, and does not damage the soil structure. 3 provincial workers. Sprinkler irrigation can be combined with fertilization, spraying and other operations, thereby saving a lot of labor, under the same conditions, generally only about 25% of the amount of labor for surface irrigation.
4 provinces. Sprinkler irrigation can eliminate field irrigation channels, make full use of land, and save about 5% of land compared to flood irrigation. In addition, it is also conducive to the realization of orchard mechanization.
5 concurrent use. Adjust the orchard's microclimate, prevent frost damage, promote fruit coloring, prevent certain pests and diseases, etc. In short, the comprehensive utilization of sprinkler irrigation projects will produce greater economic benefits.
(2) Sprinkler irrigation system: The sprinkler irrigation system consists of a water source, a water inlet pipe, a water pump (power), a water pipe, a vertical pipe (a vertical short pipe connected to a sprinkler), a pipeline accessory, and a nozzle. The water pump takes water from the water source and pressurizes it. It is sent to the orchard through the water pipeline system and sprayed by the sprinkler. The water pipelines can be divided into two grades and three grades. The grades two are branch pipes (pipes connecting risers and sprinklers) and dry pipes (pipes where water source water enters directly). The three grades are dry pipe, branch pipe and branch pipe. . Http://Content/d37ce9b3-2d64-486b-9df9-26ddfe51381f?cType=2
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