In the field of "artificial organs", there have been major breakthroughs! Researchers at Harvard University say they have the ability to make human tissue with blood vessels, and the way it is used is 3D printing!
The materials scientist Jennifer Lewis led the team to create a body tissue that contained skin cells, biological materials, and structures similar to blood vessels. The Advanced Materials journal first reported the news. This is the first time people have used 3D printing technology to obtain a functional "blood vessel" embedded in a composite, well-arranged cell structure.
In recent years, researchers have made great achievements in the field of artificial organs and tissues. For example, the trachea cultivated from a patient's own cells has been used in clinical treatment. (See “Artificial Organs†for more information.) In more preliminary experiments, scientists have demonstrated that as long as they have a certain culture environment, they can make stem cells grow into self-organic biological structures, such as a growing brain, a small piece. The liver, or the tissue of part of the eye. (For more information, please see "Scientific Researchers Cultivate Brain Tissues", "Growing the Embryonic Liver from Stem Cells", and "Cultivating Eyeballs"). But no matter what the way they are, all the projects that have to achieve “self-development of artificial biological organizations†have encountered a problem: to create more complex human tissue, there is an indispensable part: “blood vessels†.
Louis's team is now solving this problem by using 3D printing technology to "print" out a set of mesh cells and then use "ink" to build hollow, blood-like tubes. This "ink" based on "gel" consists of proteins, and other biological molecules that surround cells in humans, or cells from mice or human skin. These inks are sufficiently viscous to retain their structure after being printed by the printer.
It is worth saying that “ink†creates hollow pipes in an imaginative way. It remains stable at room temperature like jelly. But when the temperature drops, it dissolves completely, leaving a hollow tube that forms a structure that is completely similar to a blood vessel, and the cells are completely filled with such "blood vessels".
Really creating alternative tissues or organs for patients seems to be in the foreseeable future. But this team is already moving towards this goal. Louis said: "We believe that the progress made so far is crucial. I think it will lead us to the ultimate realization of artificial organs."
The smallest part of the 3D printed pipe is 75 microns in diameter, which is much larger than the capillaries that are actually responsible for delivering nutrients and discharging waste. It is now hoped that 3D printing technology will be able to place intact vascular structures into artificial organs, which will grow with other human tissues.
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