Recently, the open field peppers have gradually entered the flowering and fruit setting period, while the summer peppers (including colored peppers) cultivated in protected areas such as greenhouses and sheds usually enter the colonization stage from June 25th to July 5th. The quality of pepper management at this stage directly affects the future production of peppers, so the vegetable farmers must pay special attention. How to manage the cultivation of hot peppers in the past summer, we invited Liu Chunxiang, an agronomist from Shouguang Agriculture Bureau, to invite you to introduce some issues that you should pay attention to during this period.
Liu Chunxiang reminded the farmers that for the peppers planted in open fields, many pepper diseases and pests were prone to occur during this period and preventive measures should be taken. Anthracnose, ill flowering, and root diseases caused by excessive rainfall are the most prone to occur in the near future. In addition, insect pests are also serious during this period.
In response to this problem, Liu Chunxiang reminded farmers to first do a good job of drainage measures during the rainy season. With the onset of the rainy season, some low-lying lands are prone to water accumulation, resulting in poor root growth and even root or root rot. It is recommended that drainage measures be taken early to avoid water accumulation.
For land that has accumulated water, it is recommended that clean water be flushed in time after drainage, which can reduce the occurrence of root diseases. One of the copper preparations such as copper hydroxide, quinoline copper, and copper calcium sulfate may be selected and one of agents such as urea manganese zinc or metalaxyl or pyraclostrobin may be added and the rooting agent may be added. Root or flushing, drug concentration and spray concentration can be the same.
Followed by timely preservation of fruit. The climate is too dry, or the rain is too large, or the high temperature is too long, or the plants grow too prosperous, are likely to affect the normal growth of pepper plants, prone to flowering without fruit and increased abnormal fruit. It is recommended to spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000 times before flowering to promote flower bud differentiation, or to spray the foliar fertilizer containing boron and calcium during the flowering period, which can play a role in flower protection and fruit protection. In terms of fertilizer and water management, it is important to pay attention to the use of small water for groundwatering and a small amount of fertilizer. High-nitrogen fertilizers should be used as little as possible, and high-potassium potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate fertilizers should be the mainstay. Potassium nitrate, as a small package in the ridge, was diluted 1000 times for spraying, and the effect was good.
The third should pay attention to the prevention of anthrax, in the case of high temperature and high humidity prone to anthrax infection, it is recommended to spray ahead of time for the prevention of drugs, such as bromotriazole, mancozeb, iprodione, polyoxin, diphenyl ether ring One or two kinds of drugs, such as azole or fluorosiliconazole, can be used for prevention once in 7-10 days, and sprayed twice in succession. At the same time, field management of plants should be strengthened to improve the resistance of pepper to anthracnose. "Before or after watering, or after the rain, it is a critical period for the prevention and control of anthrax. If it rains within 6 hours after spraying, it needs re-spray," stressed Liu Chunxiang.
The fourth is to prevent insect pests. The peppers cultivated in the open field are susceptible to the appearance of spotted fly, whitefly, aphid, thrips, aphid, cotton bollworm, tobacco budworm, and tobacco moth. Imidacloprid or avermectin or gallonitrile can be selected. Or spinosad or chlorantraniliprozamide and other agents, alternating alternate medication, 7-10 days spray once for prevention.
“In addition, for planting sweet peppers in protected areas, there are a number of diseases such as dead trees, root rot, diseased stem base decay, and bacterial wilt in this period. There are two main periods of dead trees in peppers, one is after planting. Within 3 to 20 days, the second is after fruit set." Liu Chunxiang said, "The most important thing in this period is to prevent plant growth."
To prevent the growth of plants, the most effective method is to apply high-quality organic fertilizer before planting, which can reduce the phenomenon of insect pests, gas damage or burning of roots caused by the application of organic fertilizers to the soil. At present, it is best to use factory-produced commodity organic fertilizers, such as high-quality organic fertilizers such as Tian Feng Wo Feng Kang, which is commonly found on the market. The organic fertilizers made by the peasants must be completely decomposed. The first is to prevent the burning of seedlings, and the other is to prevent unkilled eggs from being carried into the fields and aggravating the occurrence of pests.
Soak the plug before colonization. In order to ensure that the pepper seedlings are fast after planting, the roots are well developed, and the plants are robust, 72.2% of Proplocarb may be used as 600-800 times solution, or 62.5% of Cloxacillramide. Fine metalaxyl as 1500 times, with 46.1% of hydrogen added. Copper oxide water dispersible granules 1500 times, can also be added 25% Thiamethoxam water dispersible granules 2500-5000 times soak soaking treatment, can improve plant resistance, promote plant growth, and can prevent seedling pests .
During the colonization, the soil or bio-inoculation agent is applied on the hole, and the soil is applied on the point when planting. The agent may be selected from phosphine aluminum plus DT, or copper hydroxide plus urea and manganese zinc, and the soil is prepared according to the ratio of agent:soil=1:10. , Mix evenly after applying. If a biological agent for preventing dead trees is selected, the disease resistance of plants can be improved by improving the soil environment and root growth without mixing the soil.
After irrigating roots after planting, one of the following agents may be selected: copper hydroxide, quinoline copper, copper calcium sulphate, cupric chloride, etc. Addition of urea manganese zinc or metalaxyl or pyraclostrobin or cafrox Manganese zinc and other agents to irrigate root, each irrigation agent 100-200 grams is appropriate.
Soil should not be too deep, it is recommended that ridge cultivation, if the flat ridge cultivation, such as the need for soil, it should be noted that the soil should not be too deep, when the water is not more than soil position is appropriate, can prevent plants from showing dead trees.
Prevent rainwater from entering the protected area, and timely understand and pay attention to weather changes. When the rainfall, close the tuyere in time to prevent rainwater from entering the protected area through the vent, causing problems similar to open cultivation.
In addition, Liu Chunxiang particularly stressed that the high temperature and weak light can cause plants to be long, especially in the rainy weather in summer. Pay attention to control of fertilizer and water. When the plants grow too high, some leaves may be removed, or spraying the mechanophores in the sunny afternoon controls the growth of the plants. In addition, the application of some trace element fertilizers such as calcium, potassium, and calcium soil conditioners in Fuli State of Shanxi Province can improve the resistance of crops. Fertilization should be done with balanced fertilization, not excessive fertilization, so as to avoid waste. It is believed that through these measures, the incidence of diseases can be reduced, the fruit setting rate of peppers can be improved, and a good foundation can be laid for the high yield of peppers.
Liu Chunxiang reminded the farmers that for the peppers planted in open fields, many pepper diseases and pests were prone to occur during this period and preventive measures should be taken. Anthracnose, ill flowering, and root diseases caused by excessive rainfall are the most prone to occur in the near future. In addition, insect pests are also serious during this period.
In response to this problem, Liu Chunxiang reminded farmers to first do a good job of drainage measures during the rainy season. With the onset of the rainy season, some low-lying lands are prone to water accumulation, resulting in poor root growth and even root or root rot. It is recommended that drainage measures be taken early to avoid water accumulation.
For land that has accumulated water, it is recommended that clean water be flushed in time after drainage, which can reduce the occurrence of root diseases. One of the copper preparations such as copper hydroxide, quinoline copper, and copper calcium sulfate may be selected and one of agents such as urea manganese zinc or metalaxyl or pyraclostrobin may be added and the rooting agent may be added. Root or flushing, drug concentration and spray concentration can be the same.
Followed by timely preservation of fruit. The climate is too dry, or the rain is too large, or the high temperature is too long, or the plants grow too prosperous, are likely to affect the normal growth of pepper plants, prone to flowering without fruit and increased abnormal fruit. It is recommended to spray potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1000 times before flowering to promote flower bud differentiation, or to spray the foliar fertilizer containing boron and calcium during the flowering period, which can play a role in flower protection and fruit protection. In terms of fertilizer and water management, it is important to pay attention to the use of small water for groundwatering and a small amount of fertilizer. High-nitrogen fertilizers should be used as little as possible, and high-potassium potassium sulfate or potassium nitrate fertilizers should be the mainstay. Potassium nitrate, as a small package in the ridge, was diluted 1000 times for spraying, and the effect was good.
The third should pay attention to the prevention of anthrax, in the case of high temperature and high humidity prone to anthrax infection, it is recommended to spray ahead of time for the prevention of drugs, such as bromotriazole, mancozeb, iprodione, polyoxin, diphenyl ether ring One or two kinds of drugs, such as azole or fluorosiliconazole, can be used for prevention once in 7-10 days, and sprayed twice in succession. At the same time, field management of plants should be strengthened to improve the resistance of pepper to anthracnose. "Before or after watering, or after the rain, it is a critical period for the prevention and control of anthrax. If it rains within 6 hours after spraying, it needs re-spray," stressed Liu Chunxiang.
The fourth is to prevent insect pests. The peppers cultivated in the open field are susceptible to the appearance of spotted fly, whitefly, aphid, thrips, aphid, cotton bollworm, tobacco budworm, and tobacco moth. Imidacloprid or avermectin or gallonitrile can be selected. Or spinosad or chlorantraniliprozamide and other agents, alternating alternate medication, 7-10 days spray once for prevention.
“In addition, for planting sweet peppers in protected areas, there are a number of diseases such as dead trees, root rot, diseased stem base decay, and bacterial wilt in this period. There are two main periods of dead trees in peppers, one is after planting. Within 3 to 20 days, the second is after fruit set." Liu Chunxiang said, "The most important thing in this period is to prevent plant growth."
To prevent the growth of plants, the most effective method is to apply high-quality organic fertilizer before planting, which can reduce the phenomenon of insect pests, gas damage or burning of roots caused by the application of organic fertilizers to the soil. At present, it is best to use factory-produced commodity organic fertilizers, such as high-quality organic fertilizers such as Tian Feng Wo Feng Kang, which is commonly found on the market. The organic fertilizers made by the peasants must be completely decomposed. The first is to prevent the burning of seedlings, and the other is to prevent unkilled eggs from being carried into the fields and aggravating the occurrence of pests.
Soak the plug before colonization. In order to ensure that the pepper seedlings are fast after planting, the roots are well developed, and the plants are robust, 72.2% of Proplocarb may be used as 600-800 times solution, or 62.5% of Cloxacillramide. Fine metalaxyl as 1500 times, with 46.1% of hydrogen added. Copper oxide water dispersible granules 1500 times, can also be added 25% Thiamethoxam water dispersible granules 2500-5000 times soak soaking treatment, can improve plant resistance, promote plant growth, and can prevent seedling pests .
During the colonization, the soil or bio-inoculation agent is applied on the hole, and the soil is applied on the point when planting. The agent may be selected from phosphine aluminum plus DT, or copper hydroxide plus urea and manganese zinc, and the soil is prepared according to the ratio of agent:soil=1:10. , Mix evenly after applying. If a biological agent for preventing dead trees is selected, the disease resistance of plants can be improved by improving the soil environment and root growth without mixing the soil.
After irrigating roots after planting, one of the following agents may be selected: copper hydroxide, quinoline copper, copper calcium sulphate, cupric chloride, etc. Addition of urea manganese zinc or metalaxyl or pyraclostrobin or cafrox Manganese zinc and other agents to irrigate root, each irrigation agent 100-200 grams is appropriate.
Soil should not be too deep, it is recommended that ridge cultivation, if the flat ridge cultivation, such as the need for soil, it should be noted that the soil should not be too deep, when the water is not more than soil position is appropriate, can prevent plants from showing dead trees.
Prevent rainwater from entering the protected area, and timely understand and pay attention to weather changes. When the rainfall, close the tuyere in time to prevent rainwater from entering the protected area through the vent, causing problems similar to open cultivation.
In addition, Liu Chunxiang particularly stressed that the high temperature and weak light can cause plants to be long, especially in the rainy weather in summer. Pay attention to control of fertilizer and water. When the plants grow too high, some leaves may be removed, or spraying the mechanophores in the sunny afternoon controls the growth of the plants. In addition, the application of some trace element fertilizers such as calcium, potassium, and calcium soil conditioners in Fuli State of Shanxi Province can improve the resistance of crops. Fertilization should be done with balanced fertilization, not excessive fertilization, so as to avoid waste. It is believed that through these measures, the incidence of diseases can be reduced, the fruit setting rate of peppers can be improved, and a good foundation can be laid for the high yield of peppers.
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