Release date: 2014-07-09
The use of motion receptors allows knee replacement surgery to be more precise while reducing patient suffering. The new technology, called iASSIST, has recently been introduced to the UK NHS to help surgeons match new joints more accurately.
If the new knee joint is not properly aligned with the hip and ankle joints, it will cause discomfort to the patient and may also cause accelerated wear of the contralateral knee joint. The proportion of knee joint replacement in the above situation is 10% to 15%, which means that the patient needs a second operation.
About 80,000 knee replacements are performed each year in the UK, mainly caused by osteoarthritis. Arthritis can exacerbate the loss of cushion cartilage and direct friction between the bone and the bone to produce pain.
At present, the doctor needs to use a hard rod in a straight line in the operation of the hip joint, the new knee and the ankle joint. Along with the knee joint, the doctor inserts a 30 cm long rod into the femur. Once the replacement joint reaches the proper position, the inserted rod is removed.
However, the use of hard rods can produce fat and air bubbles, which may enter the heart and lungs, causing discomfort, and may also block small blood vessels to reduce oxygen to the lungs, which may even be fatal.
Knee replacement can also be used to create personalized resection blocks for patients with CT and MRI scans. However, this method is time consuming.
Unlike the above two methods, the iASSIST system can directly produce linear joints without the need of a hard rod or a scanning cutting block.
In the replacement surgery, a commonly used 1 cm long nail is placed at the bottom end of the femur. This technique places a 2 to 3 cm square pod. The pod contains sensors that react to movement, similar to the motion sensor of a smartphone.
The pods can communicate information to the computer via Bluetooth technology to allow the surgeon to find the exact location of the new joint. The surgeon moves the patient's joints in 12 positions and the computer can calculate when the joint is in the correct position.
Orthopaedic experts say the technology represents the future of surgical guidance. Scientists are also working to develop whether the device can be used to treat fractures.
Canadian volunteers have been involved in new clinical trials of the device. Developers believe that this device can alleviate the pain of patients while improving their mobility.
Source: Kexun Medical Network
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