In the current consensus in the scientific community, type 1 diabetes is a congenital lifelong disease that cannot be cured. Patients need to rely on insulin for the rest of their lives, carefully controlling their blood sugar levels. Otherwise, once the complications are “find the door,†light words may affect life and work, and heavy words are likely to threaten life.
So is there any way for patients to live without normal dependence on insulin? Some researchers have pinned their hopes on stem cells. In 2014, researchers at Harvard University used human embryonic stem cells to produce insulin-producing islet beta cells. However, we know that patients receiving stem cell transplantation need to take large amounts of drugs to suppress rejection, and the use of embryonic stem cells faces ethical issues.
Islet-like cell cluster formed by human embryonic stem cell-derived beta cells
Therefore, some scientists hope to "take a different path" and not use external cells to solve this problem. In the same year, a group of researchers discovered an interesting phenomenon: If the beta cells in the body "disappear", then about 1% of the alpha cells will "automatically change their identity" and become beta cells, but at the time they did not find this "transformation". The mechanism behind it.
Following this discovery, some researchers began to look for ways to "make alpha cells into beta cells." In the December 2016 issue of Cell, researchers at the CeMM Center for Molecular Medicine in the Austrian Academy of Sciences found that this transformation may be related to a gene in the cell, Arx, and they successfully inhibited the expression of Arx with artemisinin. Let alpha cells turn into beta cells! For this "transformation", foreign media rated it as "a simple and elegant strategy."
However, after more than three months, researchers at Stanford University School of Medicine published a new study in the journal Cell Metabolism. They found that only inhibiting Arx is not good enough, and inhibiting both genes will produce better results!
Corresponding author of the study, Seung Kim, Ph.D., Doctor of Medicine and Developmental Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine
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