The use of greenhouses and other places to cultivate high-end gifts watermelon, has now formed a larger scale in Shanghai, Zhejiang, Shandong, Beijing and other places. In recent years, the southern provinces, especially the Yangtze River Basin, have also begun to introduce, research and promote, resulting in better economic and social benefits. For example, watermelons commonly used in the market are sold in most large and medium-sized cities throughout the country and are highly favored by consumers. The use of greenhouses in early spring to cultivate gift melons is a good way to generate income and increase efficiency.
Greenhouses are constructed in greenhouses to cultivate watermelons. The primary role of greenhouses is to prevent rain, followed by insulation. Watermelon is most afraid of excessive rain, while in the south, especially in spring and summer, there is much rain, thus resulting in instability of watermelon yield in this area. Adopting greenhouses to cover rain-proof cultivation can better solve this problem. Plastic sheds should be built on land with high topography, easy drainage, sufficient sunlight, and suitable for planting watermelons. It is better to use paddy fields and fields that have not been cultivated for many years. Generally set to 7 to 8 meters wide, 25 to 30 meters long, 2 to 2.5 meters high is appropriate, can use bamboo frame shed, cement shed or steel shed. This type of cultivation is a large investment, the choice of land is the key, usually the same site should only be planted for 1 year, the second year should be changed to suitable land for many years without cultivation of melon crops, so the construction of sheds should consider its removable performance.
Variety selection Early spring greenhouse cultivation of watermelon should choose high-grade varieties, to achieve high-grade, high-quality, high-efficiency purposes. At present, the most widely used variety in production is early spring ruby, other varieties include early good, small blue, new Jinlan, beautiful, elegant, ice crystal, flower beauty, Hong Xiaoyu, Huang Xiaoyu and so on.
Nursery early nursery is the basis of this technology. In general, nursery should be conducted during the sunny days from January to February before and after the Spring Festival for 7 to 10 days. The use of nutrients is concentrated in greenhouses to raise seedlings, multi-layered coverage, and there should be insulation and antifreeze facilities, such as geothermal lines, high-power light bulbs and the like, in order to facilitate germination sowing, as soon as possible emergence, reduce the chance of frost damage. During the period from January to March, the temperature in the Yangtze River valley is low, and cold currents often occur. When watermelons are sown, they are most prone to frost damage from seeding to the seedling stage, especially from sowing to emergence, and there are dangers within 1 to 2 days below 10 degrees. Therefore, cold waves must be avoided as much as possible. Or use warming protection. In addition, as far as possible to keep the seedbed and nutrient soil dry, it is also an effective measure to improve cold resistance. In order to promote the growth of seedlings, watering of fertilizer must be performed on a sunny day, and after 1 to 2 days of watering, the nutrient soil becomes dry, which will improve the ability of the plants to resist cold and disease.
Covering early spring cultivation generally covers three layers, namely a greenhouse, a small shed, and a plastic film. Full coverage of the mulch, its advantages are: enhanced water retention and water retention performance, not long weeds, watermelon vine leaves and fruit non-stick soil, fertilizer and water under irrigation under the membrane to reduce pest transmission, improve fruit appearance.
It is relatively difficult to fertilize the fertilizer because of the full coverage of the mulch. Therefore, the basal fertilizer must be applied before planting. Basal fertilizers such as cake fertilizer, livestock manure, earth miscellaneous fertilizer, potassium sulfate compound fertilizer and the like are suitable, but they must be fermented and the quick-acting fertilizer is less applied. Watering, topdressing using drip irrigation under the membrane, that is, placing the drip irrigation tube at a distance of 50 cm before the film is covered, the fertilizer is fermented, soaked, filtered and drip irrigation, which is conducive to protecting the leaves and fruits of watermelon vines. After picking a batch of melons, timely fertilizers are applied to facilitate continuous fruit set.
Plant and fruit management When the plant grows to about 1 meter, 3 to 4 vine pruning is carried out to ensure that each set of fruit set is 2 to 3, and pruning is generally selected in sunny afternoon to avoid breaking and damaging the vine leaves, and is beneficial to wound healing. Reduce disease infections. In early spring, due to the low temperature, few insects, and difficulty in getting melons, artificial pollination and bee-sweeping can be used to promote fruit setting. In order to improve economic efficiency, low-level positions can also be used for the morning market. Malformed melon, split fruit timely removal. Small watermelons are generally of good quality and have high quality in eight mature seasons. Especially in high temperature season, they can mature after more than 20 days of fruit setting. For long-distance transport, carton packing should be used to avoid cracking.
Recommended reading: Huang Xiaoyu watermelon: http://
Shenzhen Jie Zhong Lian Investment Co., Ltd. , https://www.szmeizon.com