1. Site selection
For the cultivation of iron stick yam, you should choose sandy terrain with flat terrain, loose soil structure, drainage performance and good ventilation. If it is in the land without heavy stubble, it is generally necessary to dry it deeply before winter. After selecting the plot, you need to finely prepare the land. When preparing the land, you need to use rotted farm manure, cake fertilizer, etc. as the base fertilizer to carry out the land preparation.
2. Seed in time
When the soil temperature at 5 cm of the land block is stable above 10 ℃, you can start planting iron stick yam, generally in the middle and late April of each year. The planting density of yam stick yam is about 7000-8000 plants / mu, the plant row spacing is 10 × 70cm, and the soil is about 4cm after sowing.
3. Cultivation management
(1) Watering
Iron stick yam cultivation requires timely watering to maintain moisture. When watering for the first time, it should not be poured too much. When the ground is not completely dry, the second watering should be carried out. The number of watering should be slowly increased, but the depth of watering should not exceed the The root is suitable.
(2) Top dressing
Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied at the early stage of yam growth. Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied when the seedlings are fully grown, and the nitrogen fertilizer should be reapplied when the plants are first buds, to ensure that the growth of the stems has sufficient nutrition. During the growth of stems, the demand for N, P, and K fertilizers is greater.
(3) Cultivation and weeding
After the emergence of the iron stick yam, it is necessary to carry out plowing and weeding in time to avoid weeds and iron stick yam fighting for nutrients.
(4) Take a stand
The iron stick yam scaffolding is conducive to ventilation and light transmission and reduces the harm of diseases and insects. Generally, after the emergence of the iron stick yam plant, it can be tied with a pole and the height is about 1.5m.
4. Pest management
Diseases mainly include carbon blast, stem rot, white astringency, nematode disease, black spot disease, etc. The pests are mainly underground pests and wasps. In the management of plant diseases and insect pests, prevention should be the mainstay, and agricultural measures and chemical control should be established to minimize the damage caused by plant diseases and insect pests.
5. Harvesting and processing
It can be harvested when the leaves fall after frost, or it can be harvested in winter and spring. At the end of the iron bar yam field during harvesting, dug a trench 70-80 cm deep, then dig the iron bar yam carefully in order to prevent damage, remove the clean soil and fold down the upper halter for storage and planting, and the rest is processed sequentially Into iron stick mountain pills, iron stick mountain powder etc.
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