Causes of leaf deciduous disease
First, the high temperature and high humidity weather is conducive to the occurrence and development of diseases;
The second is the occurrence of heavy rain or continuous rain in the high temperature season, which may lead to the occurrence of early defoliation;
The third is the accumulation of water in the field, the planting density is too large, and the field is closed. The incidence rate increases;
Fourth, premature degeneration of plant defertilizer, weak growth, is conducive to the occurrence of diseases;
The fifth is continuous cropping of pepper fields. The number of remnants of the remaining diseased plants in the previous cropland increased, and the source of overwintering bacteria was increased. The incidence rate was high.
Pepper Leaf Disease Control Measures
Balanced fertilization balances nutrient supply, prevents leggy and premature aging, and improves plant disease resistance. Pepper fertilization should be based on basal fertilizer and apply sufficient quality organic fertilizer. Into the flowering period, the amount of fertilizer needed to increase, fertilizer should be timely, generally every 15 to 20 kg of diammonium phosphate per 667 square meters, 10 to 15 kg of urea, 8 to 10 kg of potassium sulfate, zinc fertilizer 2-3 kg. At the same time, a 0.3%-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed on the leaves. Ensure the balanced supply of nutrients, promote the premature aging of pepper plants, not grow madly, grow healthily, and enhance disease resistance.
Reasonable irrigation and drainage through reasonable irrigation and drainage, regulate the temperature and humidity of pepper fields, reduce the occurrence of diseases. High temperature and high humidity are important conditions for the occurrence of early defoliation. Reasonable regulation of field temperature and humidity is an important measure to control defoliation. After the flowering results of the pepper, according to the changes in soil moisture conditions, in case of drought should be timely irrigation, irrigation when the promotion of small water infiltration, to prevent flood irrigation. In areas with high groundwater levels, high-ridge cultivation should be carried out. In case of heavy rain or continuous rain, it is necessary to drain water in time to prevent the accumulation of water in the fields, reduce the humidity in the field, and reduce the incidence rate.
Scientific management to improve the growing environment in the field and reduce the incidence. Firstly, after harvesting the peppers, the diseased plant residues should be cleaned up, the litters should be removed, burned and concentrated, and the source of field bacteria should be reduced. Second, the plant should be densely planted to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the pepper fields and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The third is the control of nitrogenous fertilizers. The dosage prevents pepper plants from becoming long and reduces the incidence. Fourth, timely cultivating and weeding to improve soil physical and chemical properties, promote root growth, increase absorption, and ensure robust plant growth; Fifth, appropriate pruning, when the density of pepper plants is too large and the plants grow vigorously, appropriate pruning can be promoted. Peppers grow steadily and increase resistance to disease.
Rotation medication: Before or at the beginning of the onset of illness, spray the fungicide to control. Before the onset of illness, 1:1:200 Bordeaux fluid can be used for prevention. At the beginning of the disease, 70% thiophanate-methyl WP 800-1000 times, 50% carbendazim WP 800 times can be selected. Spray once every 7-10 days, even spray 2-3 times.
In order to control the diseases, increase the yield of peppers, and increase economic efficiency, we must prevent and control the disease. The prevention and control methods should be based on agricultural control and supplemented by chemical control.
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