The incidence of Hepatitis A in Yantai has dropped significantly

Jellyfish Network July 28th (YMG reporter Yu Mingjun correspondent Liu Zhengyi Feng Xueying) reporter learned from the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention yesterday that July 28, 2016 was the sixth “World Hepatitis Day” and this year’s publicity theme “Love Liver” Protect the liver and enjoy health." Currently recognized hepatitis A, B, C, D, E five hepatitis virus, can cause the corresponding type of viral hepatitis, with a strong infectious, complex transmission methods, a wide range of endemic, high incidence and so on. Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C are transmitted by blood transfusion such as transfusion, blood products or syringe contaminants. It is easy to chronicize and cause serious harm. Hepatitis D virus is a defective virus and must be reproduced under the help of Hepatitis B virus. At present, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, and hepatitis E vaccines have been used for prevention, while hepatitis C has not yet been prevented by vaccines.

Hepatitis A and eating are inseparable

According to experts from the Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, hepatitis A and “eat” are inseparable. Most of the patients are hepatitis they eat. Both patients and subclinical infections may be the source of infection. The fecal-oral route is the main route of transmission, ie the spread of fecal matter and hepatitis in the blood through the contamination of water sources, food, utensils, and living in close contact with the mouth and into the gastrointestinal tract. . Secondly, it can also be transmitted through contact with daily life. Contaminated water sources and foods are often the cause of outbreaks. In the rural areas, the faeces of free-range chickens, ducks, pigs, cattle and sheep cause poor sanitation, drinking water hygiene, and poor hygiene habits, making it very easy for farmers' friends to get a hepatitis A through contact with daily life. Crustaceans, shrimps, or crabs caught in contaminated water may become "transit stations" for virus transmission, and uncooked food may cause hepatitis A to occur.

Prior to the application of hepatitis A vaccine, the incidence of adolescents was the main. In recent years, with the widespread use of vaccines, the incidence of hepatitis A in the city has dropped significantly. Hepatitis A has been effectively controlled in children, and the incidence is mainly concentrated in unimmunized adults. Men are more prone to occur than women. With men's long-term drinking, smoking and other living habits increase the burden on the liver. In the city, there have been reports of non-vaccination of hepatitis A vaccine among immigrant children.

Prevention of hepatitis A should develop good health habits and put the “disease from the mouth” off. Wash your hands before and after meals, drink boiled water, drink raw water, eat less or eat cold food, and eat raw fruits and vegetables. Raw and cooked foods should be separated.

The greatest risk of hepatitis B

In viral hepatitis, hepatitis B is the most dangerous and the incidence is highest. One in four chronic hepatitis B patients will die from liver cancer or liver failure caused by hepatitis B virus infection. The hepatitis B vaccination in our city for more than 20 years, the population prevalence rate of hepatitis B has dropped significantly. In 2014, the prevalence of hepatitis B surface antigen in children aged 1 to 4 years dropped to 0.32%, which was 66% lower than in 2006, and the hepatitis B surface antigen in 5 to 14 year olds was popular. The rate fell to 0.94%, a drop of 61% from 2006.

The transmission routes of hepatitis B mainly include blood transmission, mother-to-child transmission, and sexual transmission. In recent years, people infected with the hepatitis B virus through "traditional" routes such as blood transmission and mother-to-child transmission have been gradually reduced. However, because the skin or mucous membrane is damaged, for example, young people in their twenties and thirties have a certain proportion of people infected with hepatitis B, such as pierced ears, tattoos, pedicures and eyebrows, for their beauty. Sharing razors or toothbrushes may also increase the risk of hepatitis B. The most effective means of preventing hepatitis B is vaccination against hepatitis B.

Hepatitis C onset is occult, most patients with hepatitis C have no obvious symptoms and can be easily overlooked. The rate of hepatitis C to chronic hepatitis is 50% to 85%, which is far higher than that of hepatitis B. This means that patients with hepatitis C are more likely to develop into severe unknowingly. Cirrhosis of the liver, even liver cancer. The later the disease develops, the harder it is to cure and is often referred to as the "hidden killer."

Hepatitis E is most likely to be "ignored"

Among these types of hepatitis, the latest discovery of hepatitis E is still ignored. According to data from the National Health and Family Planning Commission's statutory infectious disease epidemic, the number of hepatitis E cases in the country has consistently surpassed that of hepatitis A, and it has been increasing year by year, making it the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis. Yantai City is a high-prevalence area of ​​hepatitis E, accounting for more than one-third of the province's cases.

The hepatitis E route of transmission is similar to that of hepatitis A. However, compared with hepatitis A, the hepatitis E incubation period is longer, the average incubation period is 40 days, and the incidence is mainly middle-aged and elderly, and the hepatitis E is more lethal to pregnant women, chronic liver disease patients, the elderly and infants. The elderly accounted for more than 70% of the onset, and more than half of the people had a combination of underlying diseases, so the general symptoms after infection were heavier. Pregnant women infected with hepatitis E can easily cause fetal miscarriage, premature birth, and stillbirth, and 1/3 of infected pregnant women themselves will develop severe hepatitis with a mortality rate as high as 20%. 44%-83% of patients with chronic liver disease are at risk of overlapping hepatitis E infection, and the mortality rate after infection is as high as 75%.

In order to prevent hepatitis E, in addition to maintaining the “illness from the mouth” and developing good health practices, the injection of hepatitis E vaccine is by far the most effective means of preventing hepatitis E.

Vitamin

Vitamins are a type of trace organic substances that humans and animals must obtain from food in order to maintain normal physiological functions. In terms of physiological functions, vitamins are neither a raw material for tissues nor a substance for supplying energy, but they are an indispensable substance for the body. It has many types and different chemical structures. Most of them are the components of the coenzyme (or prosthetic group) of certain enzymes. They are the indispensable compounds for maintaining the normal growth (growth, health, reproduction and production function) of the body. It plays a catalytic role in the body to promote the synthesis and degradation of major nutrients (proteins, fats, carbohydrates, etc.), thereby controlling metabolism. Vitamins are essentially low-molecular organic compounds. They cannot be synthesized in the body, or the amount synthesized is difficult to meet the needs of the body, so they must be supplied from the outside. The daily requirement of vitamins is very small (usually measured in milligrams or micrograms). They are neither a raw material for body tissues nor a substance for energy supply in the body. However, they do not regulate material metabolism, promote growth and development, and maintain physiological functions.

Vitamin K2 MK-7, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, Vitamin K2, Vitamin H, Vitamin D3

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