With the increase of people's consumption level, the demand for fruit quality is increasing. The quality of citrus fruits includes both appearance and endoplasmic quality: Appearance requires beautiful fruit shape, neat size, bright color, and smooth skin; endoplasmic quality requires tender crisps, rich juice, moderate sweetness, aroma, and non-nuclear. Or less nuclear. It is suggested that the following technical measures can be taken by fruit growers to improve the high quality fruit rate of citrus:
The first is to actively select, introduce and adopt high quality citrus varieties and rootstocks. This is a prerequisite for the production of high-quality fruit, and high-quality varieties should be properly matched with early, middle, and late dates.
The second is to strengthen soil-improvement techniques based on the application of organic fertilizers. In order to provide a good soil environment for the growth and development of oranges and to cultivate high yield root groups, it is necessary to strengthen the application of organic fertilizers. Apply 1-2 organic fertilizers (cake fertilizer, green manure) once a year, and apply fertilization to the entire park every 2-3 years. Deeply bury the crude organic fertilizer with a high carbon-nitrogen ratio, and keep the soil organic matter content at 20g/?, Improve soil physical and chemical properties, promote rhizosphere microbial activity, soil maturation. Expanding the soil and expanding the soil is performed on the inside of the terraces and between the strains. The depth and width of the pits are 60 to 50, and crude organic matter (weeds and green manure) is applied at 50 to 5 months.
The third is the use of citrus nutrition diagnostic fertilization technology. The nutritional diagnostic formula fertilization technology can directly guide the scientific fertilization according to the nutrition of the tree, reduce the abuse of chemical fertilizers and avoid environmental pollution, and timely correct the nutritional element disorders so that the orchards can obtain the best economic and ecological benefits. Based on nutritional diagnosis, the basic formula is (N:P:K:ca:mg)=1.0:0.4-0.5:0.8-1.0:1.0:0.2). At the same time, the method of fertilizer optimization was optimized, and the fertilizer was used as pre-harvest fertilizer. Promote the re-application of spring, autumn fertilizer (accounting for 70% of the annual amount), using foliar fertilizer for extra-root fertilizer.
The fourth is to promote appropriate pruning and dense tree processing technology. Practice has proved that the use of natural open-shape pruning, dwarf opening tree shape, improve lighting conditions, increase photosynthetic products, not only can reduce pests and diseases, and reduce labor costs, but also help improve the quality rate of fruit. Take “supporting and pulling combination, controlling and promoting, sparing strong and slowing, appropriate sparse spring shoots, erasing summer shoots, and cutting stub branches†for the saplings. Use the “combination of cutting and retraction†for the shelter and aging gardens. , Branches and roots are renewed and combined, cut-throats remain weak, and targeted cut-and-pruning techniques such as window-cutting are used. After the fruit setting period, fruit thinning was performed to remove malformed fruits, diseases and insects and small fruits, in order to increase fruit size and improve fruit grade.
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