How to prevent common pests and diseases in grape growing? Grapes have the characteristics of early results, high yield, nutrient-rich, good taste, fast income and good economic benefits. However, due to the extensive management of most farmers and the re-planting of light pipes, there is a lack of awareness of disease management, resulting in low grape yield, poor quality and low commodity rate.
Fan disease and leaf rolling disease are more common in grape diseases, and iron deficiency yellow leaf disease is more common in non-infected diseases. Among them, the early stage of the disease is mostly black acne which mainly infuse young green tissue and cob brown blight of young cob tissue.
The two diseases are common and prevalent in the grape before and after flowering; the white rot and anthracnose are mainly harmful to the fruit in the middle and late stages of the disease, resulting in a large number of grapes "rotten fruit". In addition, downy mildew prevailed in August-September; the disease is mainly caused by gray mold in the whole process, which can occur seriously in flowering, young fruit and fruit ripening.
Technical measures for comprehensive treatment of grape diseases: strict plant quarantine. Phytosanitary is an important technical measure to limit the spread of human diseases. Once the material with pathogens and pests is found, it should be extinguished in time before the disease reaches the new area, or processed before the new area is dispersed to ensure the growth and development of the grapes.
Choose resistant varieties. When selecting grape varieties, you should fully understand the local market, and select the varieties that meet the market demand, high commodity value, and strong disease resistance according to local environmental conditions and cultivation conditions as well as their own economic and technical conditions.
Agricultural control.
1. Keep the orchard clean and hygienic.
2. Improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the frame. The foliage of the grape is too dense, and the ear is too much. The high-yield and high-yield fertilization technique of the grape makes the vines have poor ventilation and light, and is prone to disease. Therefore, it is necessary to properly close the plant and trim it in time to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions of the frame. For example, timely tying the vines to the heart and the secondary shoots to ensure good ventilation and light transmission conditions; usually the ear closer to the ground is the first to be sick, and the ears close to the ground can be properly suspended with a rope to prevent disease.
3. Scientific fertilization and irrigation.
4, weeding combined with deep turn application of base fertilizer. Through the method of weeding combined with deep turning, the soil surface disease is buried in the bottom layer, and the lower layer soil is moved to the top to reduce the source of the disease. At the same time, you should pay attention to turning out the insects, worms and larvae in the soil near the roots of the plants and kill them intensively.
In addition, there are also chemical treatment, biological control, physical control and other methods. In the grape production, the disease has been plagued by the whole process of grape planting, and scientific and rational disease control is the key to successful cultivation.
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