Recently, the news that female college graduates returning home to start planting bamboo bacillus and enter the annual output of 600,000 has caused many people to know the term bamboo bacillus. So what is bamboo bacillus? How to plant bamboo bacillus? The following small series will introduce in detail the preparation methods of the bamboo sorghum species including the mother species, the original species and the cultivars, the sowing time and the sowing process, the harvesting techniques and the measures to be taken after harvesting.
Bamboo bacillus, also known as bamboo bud, bamboo bacterium, bamboo ginseng, and immortal carp, is one of the world's most expensive edible fungi. It is rich in nutrients and rich in flavor, and is very popular among consumers.
First, preparation before cultivation
Before the cultivation of bamboo stalks, the strains need to be prepared. The strains are divided into parent species, original species and cultivars, and the original species and cultivars are expanded from the mother species. The culture ingredients of the strains are the same and the ratios are slightly different.
Second, the mother species
Parent culture: 55% wood chips, 20% wheat bran, 10% soybean powder, 8% bamboo powder, 2% magnesium sulfate, 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% gypsum powder, 1% white sugar, 11% vitamin B, After mixing the raw materials in proportion, they were placed in a 500 mL glass bottle and then sterilized under a pressure of 1.5 kg/cm3 for 2.5 to 3.0 h. After the sterilization is completed, take out the natural cooling.
Third, the original species
The original culture materials: wood chips 50%, wheat bran 25%, soybean powder 10%, bamboo powder 8%, magnesium sulfate 2%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 2%, gypsum powder 1%, sugar 1%, vitamin B 11%. To expand the original species, the mother seeds are divided into 4~5 cm3 pieces and inoculated into the original seed bottles. Each bottle type can expand 80~90 bottles of original seeds.
Fourth, cultivars
Cultivated culture materials: 60% wood chips, 20% wheat bran, 7% soybean powder, 6% bamboo powder, 2% magnesium sulfate, 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% gypsum powder, 1% white sugar, 11% vitamin B. Each bottle of original seed can be expanded into 60 to 70 bottles of cultivar.
Fifth, planting time
Sowing in spring and autumn, spring is generally from March to April, the temperature can be planted above 10 °C; autumn is generally around September.
Six, sowing
a. First level the land, and cover the soil covered with the strain with a coarse sieve. The growth of mycelium is not strict with the requirements of the subsoil, and the requirements for covering the soil are strict. The soil covered with the humus particles is the best.
b. After the land is leveled, the carton and the box ditch can be opened in the mushroom shed, and the bamboo raft is cultivated on the carcass. The box ditch is beneficial to the management personnel to walk and drain. The width of the car is 75~100 cm, the width of the compartment is 20 cm, and the depth of the ditch is 5 cm.
c. After the car is opened, level the car surface and lay a good quality dry straw (can not use moldy straw). The straw should be cut to a length of 40 cm and soaked in a solution of potassium permanganate. The amount of straw used is controlled at 5~6 kg/m3, which should be laid tightly and without voids.
d. After the straw is laid, choose the strain with thick hyphae, white color, full or close to full and no aging. When planting, the bacteria will be smashed into jujube-sized stalks. M2 8~10 bottles.
Seven, winter mushrooming
After planting the strain, a layer of bamboo is sprinkled on the strain, and the amount of bamboo used accounts for 14% to 15% of the amount of straw. Sprinkle a piece of white sugar after sprinkling the bamboo pieces. The amount of white sugar used is 0.1% to 0.2% of the amount of straw. Then cover the surface of the strain with a layer of sieved soil, the amount of which is not much, and the strain can be covered slightly. Next, lay the second layer of straw, and the laying method is the first layer. After the paving, the second layer of the strain is sown, and the seed amount is slightly less than that of the first layer, and is controlled at 26 to 8 bottles per 1 m. After the strain is placed on the surface of the straw, it is sprinkled with bamboo and sugar like the first layer.
After completion, the cultivation material and the bacteria are poured 1 time to permeate water, and the potassium permanganate solution is sprayed. After the water spray is completed, cover the soil again. This time, the soil should be thick and controlled at 8~10 cm to ensure that the cultivation materials and bacteria are not exposed. After the cover is covered, the flat surface is covered, and a layer of dry pine needle is covered. The thickness is completely invisible to cover the soil. Then the vents of the mushroom shed are all opened to ensure air circulation, and then the water is poured onto the surface. .
Eight, pest control
The bamboo sputum should be based on the principle of “prevention first and treatment supplementedâ€, and rational selection of pharmacy for comprehensive prevention and treatment. Improving the awareness of disease prevention, strengthening the management of fertilizer and water, and improving the ability of disease resistance are the key to reducing the occurrence of diseases.
Bamboo stick mucosis prevention and treatment methods:
a. Select non-pollution and disease-resistant strains.
b. Pay attention to site selection and soil disinfection.
c. Culture material treatment.
Before the material is cultivated, the raw materials are placed in the pool for 1-2 days, and then the fermentation is carried out for 5-7 days. When immersing and stacking, lime and carbendazim are separately added for sterilization.
d. Strengthen trampoline management
Choose to sown on sunny days, cover some soil with bamboo leaves or cover straw, and cover the film to keep warm, moisturizing and rainproof; the sunshade around the mushroom shed should not be too thick and too dense, easy to ventilate; Easy to drain, not easy to accumulate water.
e. Treatment after onset.
Once the mycosis occurs, stop spraying water immediately, strengthen the ventilation and light transmission in the shed; at the same time, clean up the culture materials and soil at the disease site, pay attention to the cleaning area slightly larger than the diseased area, sprinkle lime in the cleaning place, and spray sterilization In the early stage of the disease, carbendazim, thiophanate-methyl, neutrophin can be used for prevention and treatment.
Nine, harvested
The mycelium grows for about 3 months, and the bamboo eggs are basically mature. It takes 4-6 hours from bamboo egg to unfolding skirt. The mushroom body began to shrink shortly after it matured, and it was harvested in time when the mushroom skirt was completely unfolded and the spore liquid on the cap was not dripped onto the mushroom skirt.
When harvesting, cut it off from the base of the mushroom with a knife, and do not pull it directly by hand to avoid harming the hyphae and affecting the next mushroom.
The above is a detailed explanation of the planting techniques of bamboo sclerotium compiled by Huinong. I have learned it? As a hot-growing strain in recent years, bamboo bacillus has been popular among many growers. In the second edition, we must also remind the majority of growers to learn the cultivation techniques of bamboo bacillus, which is very important for improving the quality and yield of bamboo bacillus.
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