After the beginning of autumn on August 7, people did not seem to feel the coolness after the beginning of autumn. As the saying goes, “After the fall, the dead are hot,†and then look at the weather forecast released by the meteorological department in recent days. From the 9th to the 11th in Jinan, On the day, the temperature not only does not drop, but continues to rise. The "Autumn Tiger" is still going strong, not only "roasting" every pedestrian, but also continuing to harm the immediate vegetable production.
On the morning of August 9th, when the author visited the pepper growers in the greenhouse in Jiyang, some vegetable farmers reported that the roots of the peppers were poor and the dead trees were heavier. There was no new root in the extracted peppers (see Figure 1); The disease was heavier. Individual greenhouse peppers also suffered from falling flowers, fallen leaves, and sunburn. The main cause of these diseases is related to the continued high temperature. At 10 o'clock in the morning, the author observed in the pepper shed that the temperature inside the shed was 39.7°C and the measured ground temperature was 27°C. The optimum temperature for the normal growth of pepper is 25°C-30°C, the minimum is 10°C, and the maximum is 35°C. The flower bud differentiation period is suitable for the temperature of 20°C-22°C during the day and 15°C at night. However, there is a certain temperature difference between day and night. The temperature at 22°C～27°C is the most favorable for the assimilation, and the nighttime temperature is 15°C～20°C, which is the most suitable for the transportation of assimilation nutrients and the reduction of respiratory consumption. Obviously, the current temperature is not conducive to the growth of chili. Then, in the face of the “Autumn Tigerâ€, what effective management measures should be taken by vegetable farmers?
First, continue to do a good job of ventilation and cooling in shelters. Keep day and night ventilation on sunny days, roll the film on both sides of the shed to the shoulder, increase ventilation. Cover the membrane with rain to prevent rain from entering the shed.
2. Do not immediately remove the shade net after the beginning of autumn. In the past, there was no shading net, which was used to splash mud soup or ink jet juice on the awning at noon, which has the effect of shading and cooling (see Figure 2).
Third, take water in the morning and evening. Watering in the morning is the best and conditional micro-irrigation technology can be used.
Fourth, spray foliar fertilizer. Such as spraying fulvic acid foliar fertilizer can increase the tolerance of vegetables to high temperature and strong light.
Fifth, timely prevention and control of pests and diseases. Aphids, whiteflies, thrips, and red spiders are the main pests of pepper in summer sheds, and they are also the main vectors for transmission of hot pepper diseases. It is beneficial to eliminate pests and reduce the disease. Whitefly, Thrips, Starscream can be sprayed with avermectin 3500 times and 25% WP 2,000 times; Virus can be sprayed with 20% virus A wettable powder 500 times or g (Alkyl carboxymorpholine) 1000 times, pay attention to rotation drugs.
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