Here we introduce the key technologies for radish summer and autumn cultivation for your reference.
1, variety selection
Choose the number of leaves is small, the roots are swollen, the convulsions are stable, the fleshy roots are smooth and tidy, the roots and cracks are few, the flavor is good, the texture is crisp and sweet, the water is more, and the heart is late.
2, the main cultivation techniques
Sowing time
It can be planted from early April to early September. The selection of the summer and autumn radish off-season production sowing period should be based on the local altitude and climatic conditions.
Field selection
Choose loose and fertile, convenient irrigation and drainage, the front crops are beans and melons, no loamy loam, deep tillage, broken and flattened.
Site preparation
It is better to choose fertile land with deep and loose soil, and avoid continuous cropping. For example, as a vegetable field of cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, cabbage, mustard, etc., and plots where pests and diseases are more serious, it is not suitable. In early spring, it is advisable to choose a sunny and well-ventilated place. Before sowing, you should carry out deep ploughing and turn over earlier, break the sputum, and apply enough base fertilizer and lime. When the field is put into the field, it is carried out with a range of 1125-1500 kg of lime per hectare and evenly mixed into the soil layer. Re-applying the base fertilizer, applying 45,000-52.5 million kg of high-quality human and animal manure per hectare, 15-30 kg of borax, 450 kg of compound fertilizer, evenly mixed with human soil, fully mixed with the soil. There are many rains in the south, and it is suitable for planting sorghum. Generally, the crepe size is 1.O-1.3m (bag ditch), the sorghum height is 30cm or more, and the north-south orientation.
Seeding density
Open the car at 1.7-1.8m (without ditch), the height of the car is 20-25cm, the width of the ditch is 30cm, the ditch is 4 grooves per compartment, the row spacing is 42-45cm, the plant spacing is 33Cm, the seeding amount per hectare is 2250g, and 2 seeds are planted per hole. Water on demand. After sowing, on the same day or on the second day, 800-1000 times of phoxim was applied and drenched with a sprayer.
3, field management
Germination
The seed begins to sprout and the two cotyledons develop into a germination period, about 5-7 days. This period requires higher soil moisture and a temperature of around 25 °C to keep the soil moist, ensuring emergence and seedlings. When the weather is dry, water is sprayed once a day, and there are many rains in summer. Pay attention to timely drainage.
The seedling stage is from the first true leaf to the "broken belly", that is, the fleshy root cortex near the ground is cracked into the seedling stage, which takes about 15-20 days. In this period, the fleshy root is mainly the differentiation of the primary tissue, and the leaves begin to grow rapidly. The thin fertilization is carried out to promote the growth of the leaves, so that the leaf growth reaches a certain leaf area, and 15 kg of urea per hectare can be used for 750 kg of water. Seedling stage should be timed and seedlings, when the seedlings have 1-2 true leaves, the overly dense seedlings will be removed, and 3-4 true leaves will be selected according to the plant spacing of 15-20cm. Jian Miao Ding Miao, eliminate weak and particularly strong seedlings (mostly hybrid seedlings). In this period of water management, it is necessary to adopt less watering seedlings to inhibit the growth of shallow roots and make the roots penetrate into the soil layer, and timely control the beetle with 48% lysine emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times or 52.25% agricultural emulsifiable concentrate 1000 times.
During the rosette period, from the "big broken belly" to the "outcrop" is the rosette period, which takes about 20-30 days. It is a period in which the upper leaves grow vigorously and the underground fleshy roots begin to expand and grow at the same time. Urea 150kg, potassium chloride 450kg, after application of soil, can also be combined with soil cultivation, at this time the root leaves grow vigorously, the water requirements are more, to keep the soil moist, moderate amount of "horse water."
Flesh root growth
From "out-of-shoulder" to "round scorpion" harvest for the succulent root growth period. In this period, the fleshy roots rapidly expand, and the leaves continue to grow, but the growth rate gradually slows down, requiring a large amount of fertilizer and water supply to the soil, paying attention to flood control, and avoiding waterlogging in the soil. It is necessary to apply fertilizer between rows, and avoid using direct fertilizer to drip directly on the plants. 300kg of compound fertilizer per hectare. Some varieties have longer fleshy roots. There are many exposed soils, and it is necessary to carry out appropriate soil conservation and root protection. In addition, yellow leaves and diseased leaves should be removed frequently. In order to facilitate ventilation and reduce disease, increase the rate of goods.
4. Pest control
Disease
The main diseases of radish are black rot and soft rot. Rotation can be used to avoid low-water accumulation and human damage, and to control pests. 72% agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder 3OOO-4000 times solution, agricultural streptomycin, or 70% dikesone wettable powder can be sprayed at the beginning of the disease. 1000 times liquid spray control.
Pest
Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella
Can be used in combination with compound worm fungus wettable powder 800-1000 times solution, or 1% Weiba emulsifiable concentrate 600-800 times solution, or 50% insect resistant 922 emulsifiable concentrate 500-800 times solution spray, with 98% Bataan original powder wettable powder It works better with Bt preparations.
Yellow curved stripe
It can be controlled by using 98% Bataan original powder 1000-1200 times liquid, or 10% Xingmianbao emulsifiable oil 2000 times liquid or 25% insecticidal double water agent 250 times or 40% dichlorvos 800 times liquid spray.
aphid
You can use 1000-1500 times of dimethoate or 1500-2000 times of phlegm and fog, and 2000 times of Kangfuduo or 2000 times of spraying.
5, harvest
After 60 days of radish seed sowing, the color of the leaves turned light. After the underground stems were fully expanded, they should be harvested in time. It is easy to cause hollowness after too late harvesting, which affects the yield and quality. The listing criteria are: the root shape is neat, the fleshy root has no power, no heart, no wounds.
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