Principles and models of interplanting Chinese medicinal materials in orchards

1. Principles to be followed in orchard interplanting Chinese medicinal materials: First, a reasonable field structure should be formed according to the biological characteristics of different fruit trees and Chinese medicinal materials. The selected Chinese medicinal materials should be mainly resistant to negative and shallow roots; secondly, the allocation ratio should be appropriate, adhere to the principle of fruit trees as the main, and the advantages are complementary; third, the local special excellent and real estate medicinal materials should be interplanted; fourth, strengthen Field management to promote mutual benefit and control contradictions to ensure a double harvest.

2. The pattern between young fruit trees and Chinese medicinal materials: After the fruit trees are planted, they usually form a canopy in 2 to 3 years before they have a certain degree of shade. During this period, rationally interplanting Chinese cultivars with low stems, thin plant types, and more positive sun rays can achieve the purpose of reducing soil nutrient loss, inhibiting weed growth, and increasing income. For example, in the first year to the second year, planting smaller varieties such as eustoma, isatidis, dandelion, honeysuckle, and safflower in a 2-meter wide row spacing; in the third year, with the increase of the crown of the fruit tree, at 2 meters The relatively shady environment that has been formed in the wide line spacing requires the cultivation of Chinese traditional herbs such as Pinellia ternate, Bupleurum, Coptis chinensis, Tiannanxing, Dihuang, Yam, Zhimu, etc. It is worth noting that most Chinese medicinal materials are not tolerant to continuous cropping. Therefore, it is necessary to change the stubble every year or every other year and choose the stubble suitable for its growth.

3. Interplanting model of mature fruit trees and Chinese medicinal materials: After the fruit trees are grown for 5 years, a relatively shady environment has been formed within the line spacing, and the light transmittance is below 30%. It is necessary to choose a suitable variety of interplanting. For example, Gastrodia elata is planted in autumn or spring. Fruit trees provide a cool, oxygen-rich, and suitable temperature environment for the growth of Gastrodia elata. The suitable varieties of Chinese medicinal materials in adult fruit forests include Coptis chinensis, Panax notoginseng, Ginseng, Poria, Ganoderma lucidum, and safflower.

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