Causes of falling
Temperature uncomfortable: Cowpea is a thermophilic and heat-resistant crop, especially sensitive to low temperatures. Below 10°C, growth is hindered and below 5°C. The optimum temperature for plant growth is between 20~28°C. The optimal temperature for flowering and scabbing is 25~28°C, and it is easily caused by falling flowers in a continuous high temperature environment.
Uneven drought and flood caused: cowpea is particularly sensitive to moisture in the early flowering period, excessive water, easily lead to leggy, causing the fall. A large amount of water is required during the pod-logging period. If it is hot and drought at this time, it will easily result in falling flowers. The water in the field, the soil moisture is too large, is not conducive to the growth of roots and root nodules, resulting in roots, rot, causing the leaves yellow off, leading to falling out of flower.
Plant leggy causes: Kidney bean in the early growth period is affected by the indoor high temperature, easily lead to plant leggy, if you do not pay attention to the control of the early, plant growth is rapid, easily lead to plant carbon and nitrogen ratio imbalance, nutrient can not be balanced supply, so that between leaves and flowers, Between flowers and flowers, fruit and fruit are competing for nutrients, resulting in falling flowers. In terms of management, the water and fertilizer control should be appropriately controlled in the early stage, and the management mode of “pre-control and promotion†should be adopted. After the plants are flowered and scabbed, fertilizer and water should be increased to promote growth, more flowering, and more pods, if the plant growth at this time. Poor, malnutrition, can not meet the needs of stems and leaves for nutrients, but also prone to falling.
Insect pests and diseases: The most vulnerable pest at the flowering stage is pod bean pods. The bean pods are mainly harmful to flowers and pods, and once they are victimized, they cause a large number of flowers to fall. In addition, bean rust, damage to the leaves, if not timely prevention and control, it is easy to cause falling flowers.
Prevention
There are many reasons that cause cowpeas to fall and fall out of flower, and they should be treated differently. Symptomatic treatment can achieve ideal control effect.
For high temperature caused by falling flowers and falling should scientifically control the temperature, so that the temperature is controlled as much as 25 ~ 28 °C; for the soil due to compaction, root root cause, rot, can be combined with topdressing per acre without deep plowing 1 ~ Two kilograms of water are flushed with fertilizer to deepen the plough layer and enhance soil permeability.
The prevention and treatment of cowpea rust can be carried out using 1000-1200 times of Puxing plus 3000 times of liquid Shuofeng 481. The prevention and treatment of cowpea meal should be controlled before 10:00 am. When the cowpea flower is in the open, it can be used for chemical control. (A-dimensional, triazophos), 40-60 ml per mu. Kidney beans like boron fertilizer, can be combined with foliar dressing, spray 1000 ~ 1500 times quick-acting boron solution plus 3000 times natural alizarin lactone - Shuofeng 481, to protect the flowers, improve the effect of cowpea production is very obvious.
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