The red Fuji apple tree transitions from the early fruiting period to the full fruiting period. The three main problems should be solved: the adjustment of the tree structure, the transition of the fruiting parts, and the arrangement of the fruiting branches.
First, the adjustment of the tree structure 1. Control the tree height. Happy heading down, when the line spacing is 4 meters, the tree height is controlled between 3 and 3.2 meters, and when the line spacing is 3 meters, the tree height is about 2.5 meters. When falling, let the last branch group or main branch of the happy place form and then start falling, which is completed in two years. At the same time, a heel branch is formed opposite the falling head branch to support the wound healing.
2. Sparse and clear light. In the early fruiting period, many auxiliary cultivation branches are kept. Except for shrinking and transforming into fruiting branch groups, the remaining dense ones should be properly dredged and retracted. Through gradual cleaning, the fruit trees can be separated into layers in summer, and the leaf-to-curtain spacing of 50 to 70 cm is maintained to improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions in the crown.
3. Sparse external support. For trees that grow too vigorous on the periphery of the canopy, in accordance with the principle of "thinning, not overlying, overlying, not overlying, and aging, but not overlying," the side branches around the canal should be properly thinned to balance. The internal and external growth makes the development of the inner bore branch full and robust.
Second, the transition of the fruiting area The primary fruiting stage is dominated by auxiliary fruiting. As the tree grows, the temporary auxiliary planting gradually shrinks and thins out. In the early stage of fruiting, it is shifted to permanent auxiliary fruiting. This is the first transition of the result site. In the full fruit period, the transition from the permanent auxiliary branch to the main fruiting branch is the second transition of the fruiting part. Pay attention to pruning in the two transitions: control the temporary auxiliary branches, increase the amount of fruit on the permanent auxiliary branches as much as possible, and cultivate the fruit branch groups on the fruit branches.
1. Control of auxiliary branches. Usually the method of shrinking the results year by year is adopted, and the treatment should not be rushed, so as not to weaken the tree and affect the yield. When there is space, the auxiliary branches can be transformed into fruiting branch groups.
2. Cultivation of fruiting branches. For a tree, the lower branch group should be more than the upper one, and the inner branch group of the crown should be more than the outer one; for one branch, the tip should be small and small, the middle should be large and many, and the rear should be centered. The main branch is mainly small on the back, and large, medium and small are combined on both sides and behind. In terms of tree shape, the trunk sparse layered tree is improved, and the young tree to the primary fruiting tree is mainly medium and small with uniaxial extension. The fruit period is large, medium and small. There should be 2 to 3 fruiting branch groups on a main branch. Two to three large branch groups can be arranged between the main branches on the first and second floors. The top tribe was happy and cultivated into a large fruiting branch group. There are about 15 large fruiting branch groups in a tree, and small and medium fruiting branch groups are inserted into the space. Free spindle trees should be mainly composed of small and medium bearing branches.
Third, the finishing of the fruiting branch group 1. A tree with too many branches and too dense branches should be selected to keep the strong branch group, dredging the dense and weak branch group, concentrated nutrients, and rejuvenate.
2. Retract the slender branch group appropriately, and shorten the posterior 1-year vegetative branch or medium-long fruiting branch, which will promote the widening of the lower branch and enlarge the fruiting part.
3. For branches with fewer branches and loose branches, how short will promote multiple branches, increase branch volume and occupy space.
4. For the large branch group on the back, thinning out too much, too high shrinkage to control its growth range; too strong to strong and weak, straight to oblique, and reshrink to the branches growing to the side To ease its growth potential.
5. For crowns with excessively slow branches, and long, bare, unbranched groups, thin out dense, strong, unbranched bare branches first, and then laterally, horizontally, and moderately grown, staged Shrink batchwise, promote branching on leaf clumps or creeping buds of 2 to 3 years, and gradually cultivate into fruiting branch groups.
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