Orchard green manure more fragrant

The cultivation of green manure in orchards is an advanced, practical, and efficient soil management technology. With good environmental benefits and high economic benefits, it is a new model for leading the development of ecological agriculture in the capital and promoting leisure sightseeing. Researcher Cao Weidong, the country's chief expert on the green manure industry, pointed out that green manure is one of the few healthy agricultural production technologies in China and has an irreplaceable role and significance in fertility, environmental protection, and resource conservation.

Green manure makes the landscape more beautiful

Orchard planting green manure refers to the cultivation of green manure crops in rows between mature orchards, and young orchards are planted with green manure crops. Green manure crops cover orchard soil throughout the year, creating a beautiful orchard landscape. In the orchard in the early spring, pink peach blossoms, white pear blossoms, apricot blossoms, and cherry blossoms on the branches vie with each other. Against the backdrop of blue-and-purple blue orchids, purple silk flowers, white flower clover, and yellow rape flowers, the “flowers on the trees are blooming. The beautiful landscape under the tree blossomed into the sea, attracting many citizens to come for a ride, enjoy flowers, stop and take pictures. Newly-married couples will also choose the orchard and flowers at this time as a romantic background for wedding photography, which is not inferior to the lavender garden in Provence, France. Even if it is not the flowering season, green manure is still covered with orchards like green carpets. For example: In the growing season, the needles that grow in the grass are similar to the horses and horses, and they are woven in the ground to be 20-30 cm thick. The color varies with the seasons. It looks like a wavy “sea of ​​clouds”, which is pleasing to the eye.

Green manure makes orchard soil more fat

Green manure clusters are dense, with lush foliage. The green plant contains a large amount of organic matter and a variety of large, medium and micronutrient elements. The nutrients are complete. The green manure crop can be used to supplement soil organic matter and improve soil organic matter and nutrient content. Green manure crops are densely rooted and interspersed with surface soil. Loose soil, increase soil porosity and permeability, reduce soil bulk density. Good soil structure is conducive to soil water conservation, enhanced fertilizer retention capacity; fertile loose soil, increase the number of soil microorganisms, increased activity, increase soil biological fertility. Orchard soil covered with green manure can avoid the problems of soil erosion, decreased soil fertility, and increased weeding labor cost caused by clean farmland management. Green manure crops can reduce rainwater, regulate soil moisture, prevent or reduce soil erosion, improve soil water conservation and fertilizer retention. ability. A large number of studies have shown that green orchard plants grown in orchards have the effect of fertilizing soil, improving the ecological environment, saving energy, reducing emissions, and increasing revenues. For example, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei and other orchard green manure experiments show that overturning green manure crops in orchards can significantly increase soil organic matter by 10% to 20%. Available phosphorus and available potassium can be increased to varying degrees, and the soil bulk density can be reduced by 5.1% to 10.5%. The number of soil bacteria and actinomycetes increased significantly by 19.8-fold and 8.2-fold, respectively, and the number of fungi decreased. Soil alkaline phosphatase and soil invertase activities increased by 15%-20% and 22%-28% respectively, and the soil microecological environment was significantly improved.

Green manure makes orchard fruit more fragrant

Today, people pay more and more attention to the quality and safety of agricultural products, pay attention to nutrition and health, and consumer demand gradually shifts towards harmless, green, organic and other high-end products. Excessive and unreasonable use of chemical fertilizers in production results in low output of agricultural products, poor quality, and increase in harmful substances such as nitrates, hormones and antibiotics, threatening people's health. Green manure is a traditional source of organic fertilizer. It is the cleanest, purest natural organic fertilizer. Compared with ordinary organic manure, it does not contain harmful substances such as heavy metals, hormones, antibiotics, etc., and fully meets the needs of green health and high-quality agricultural products. A large number of studies have shown that green orchard crops in orchards can form a good microclimate, coordinate soil moisture and nutrient supply, regulate soil temperature and humidity changes, delay root activity time of fruit trees, inhibit weed growth, reduce occurrence and damage of pests and diseases, and promote good growth of fruit trees. Inflorescence number increased by 3%-6%, fruit setting rate increased by 6%-15%, single fruit weight increased by 2%-4%, yield increased by 15%-30%; fruit Vc, soluble solids, soluble sugar were improved to varying degrees. The content reduces the content of nitrates and titratable acids in fruits, improves appearance appearance, increases the sales price of commodities, and thus increases the economic income of farmers. For example, the vitamin content of green manure crops grown in Taoyuan, Beijing is 5.6%-8.9% higher than that of the clear farmland, 6.2%-10.2% for solids, and 3.1%-5.4% for nitrates.

Orchard cultivation green manufactory technical points

â—† Variety suitable selection of varieties should follow the principles of cold resistance, drought tolerance, negative resistance, resistance to trampling, fibrous roots, and ecological compatibility. Such as leguminous white flowers clover, hairy gardenia, alfalfa, etc.; grass perennial rye, rat grass, bluegrass, etc.; cruciferous February orchid, winter rape and so on.

â—† Planting methods are suitable for seeding in spring and suitable for sowing in autumn. Before sowing, it is necessary to finely prepare the soil to remove weeds and ensure soil moisture. The sowing method can be drilled, sowed in the field, broadcasted, and can be selected based on the characteristics of the variety and the use of the way. The seeding rate will vary depending on the species, such as ryegrass, rat grass and other grasses generally 1.5-3 kg/mu; white clover, alfalfa and other legumes 1-1.5 kg/mu. Cover soil after sowing, covering the depth of about 1-3 cm.

â—† Field Management Although green manure is an organic fertilizer in itself, no special management is generally required, but fertilization and irrigation can significantly increase the output of green manure. Superphosphate is used as base fertilizer and applied at 5-10 kilograms per acre. After growth or castration, fertilizer is applied in a timely manner to ensure the need for nutrients in the growth process of green manure. Top dressing is once or twice a year, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, each year Mushi nitrogen fertilizer 10-20 kg, spraying or foliar spray can be.

â—† When the pressure is turned over timely, it should be selected to turn over when the yield of green manure is high and the accumulation of nutrients is high, so as to increase the fertilizer efficiency of green manure. General legume green manure during flowering to Xiehua period; grass green manure at heading stage; cruciferous green manure during flowering stage. The amount of overturning pressure is not as good as possible. Generally, the overturning pressure of green manure should be controlled at 1500-2000 kg per mu. The depth of overturning is generally about 15-20 cm, and the sandy soil can be deeper and the clay soil can be shallower. Too deep can be unfavorable to fermentation because of lack of oxygen; if it is too light, it cannot be fully decomposed and it is difficult to exert its effect. After the pressure is poured, water should be promptly applied to accelerate the decomposition and increase the conversion rate of green manure.

â—† timely cutting according to the growth situation must be timely cutting. In the first year of sowing, it is best not to cut. When the roots are stable and about 30 cm tall, they begin to castrate again. The height after castration is about 10 cm. Different varieties, the number of cuts ranging from the general castration 2-3 times throughout the year, the number of fast-growing cuts more, but less.

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