A good soil environment and adequate water and fertilizer supply are the basis for ensuring the healthy and well-developed roots of fruit trees and the normal growth of flower and fruit branches. To increase the flowers and fruits of the apple orchard, in spring, it is necessary to strengthen the water and fertilizer management, soil conditioning, and soil moisture preservation of the fruit trees, so as to loosen and activate the soil layer, optimize the soil aggregate structure, and create for the fruit trees on the basis of adequate supply of water and fertilizer. Excellent growth conditions.
Water and fertilizer management
Spring is an important period for apple trees to sprout, shoot, bloom and set fruits. At this time, vegetative growth and reproductive growth are carried out at the same time. The fruit trees have strong vitality and vigorous growth, and they have a large demand for nutrients. After a winter of consumption, the nutrient content in the soil is relatively small, so it should be topdressed and watered in time. In terms of fertilization management, before the apple tree sprouts and after the soil is frozen, fully decomposed organic fertilizer, farmyard manure or biological bacterial fertilizer should be added as much as possible, with appropriate amounts of quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, and attention should be paid to supplementing iron, calcium, boron, and zinc. And other medium and trace elements.
In watering management, it can be combined with spring fertilization. Spring droughts and water shortages are common in many places in spring. After fertilization, water should be promptly watered. For plots with poor moisture content and insufficient water in the garden, it should be watered once after the ground is thawed and before the apple trees sprout. It is better to drench 60 to 70 cm under the topsoil, so as to increase the moisture content of the soil and meet the water demand of fruit trees for budding and flowering.
Soil management
The level of soil quality directly affects the development of the root system of fruit trees, especially in gardens that use a large amount of chemical fertilizers all the year round. The soil is generally acidified and compacted, and the number and activity of beneficial microorganisms are low, which can easily lead to poor root development and absorption capacity of fruit trees. Decrease and the occurrence of yellowing, small leaves, falling flowers and fruit and other problems in fruit trees.
In terms of soil management, in spring, lime spreading in the garden, shallow turning trays (about 15 cm), and deep turning tree rows (about 30 cm) can be used to adjust soil pH, loosen and activate soil properties and structure, and give apple tree roots. Provide a better soil environment.
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Insect pheromones are compounds used by insects to represent various information such as aggregation, foraging, mating, and alerting. They are the chemical molecular language of insect communication. At present, the basic control measures for pests in agricultural production mainly rely on chemical pesticides, but the long-term uncontrolled use of chemical pesticides has brought many side effects. The first is the emergence of pest resistance, which causes the use of drugs and drug concentrations to increase, the cost increases year by year, and the prevention and control of increasingly difficult; the second is to disrupt the ecological balance, while controlling a large number of natural enemies were killed, causing the pupae of secondary pests; Third, it pollutes the environment. A large amount of pesticides remain in crops, soils, rivers, lakes, and seas, and they are enriched in the human body through the form of food chain, causing another harm to humanity. Therefore, relevant research departments in many countries are currently working hard to explore and study new approaches and technologies for pest control. These studies include: the development of new, efficient, environmentally friendly, low-toxic, low-residue chemical pesticides; natural enemy insects and microorganisms The use of pesticides; insect sterilization technology and the application of insect hormones; among them, the research on the use of insect hormones, especially insect sex pheromones for pest control, is receiving increasing attention and attention.
Research on insect pheromone has been developing rapidly. Since the first insect pheromone Bombykol, has been isolated and identified, more than 2,000 insect pheromones and their analogs have been identified and synthesized worldwide, of which more than 100 insect pheromone To achieve commercial production, the production and research of Lepidoptera sex pheromones is the most extensive and comprehensive.
Insect communication, Including Sex pheromone, Collection pheromone,Alert pheromone, Tracking pheromone
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