The spring wheat return period in spring this year was generally threatened by drought. Irrigation was actively carried out throughout the period from the beginning of the jointing to the jointing period. Before and after the jointing, the weather experienced heavy precipitation, high temperatures, and reduced light. This caused the current stem after wheat jointing, especially The longer the first and second sections, the thinner stem wall, and the poorer development will lead to upward shifts in the center of gravity of wheat plants, and an increased risk of lodging in the middle and late stages. This has become a potential production safety hazard that cannot be ignored. The farmer said: The valley fell and the wheat fell. If the lodging of wheat occurs, it will not only result in serious consequences for the reduction of yields, but also cause a series of problems such as difficult mechanical harvesting and late glutinousness in production. Therefore, this year's field management of wheat in the middle and later years should focus on issue-oriented and targeted measures should be taken to deal with the following:
One must be cautiously watered to prevent the lodging and growth of wheat after jointing. The water requirement and fertilizer are also strong. Especially from booting to heading, it is the critical period of wheat water demand, and the impact of drought on yield is the greatest. The water consumption from flowering to maturity accounted for 1/4 of the total water consumption during the entire growth period. Therefore, it is necessary to pour flag water or grouting water in accordance with local conditions so as to ensure the physiological water of wheat, and also to resist the damage of dry hot wind. However, watering should pay special attention to the weather, not watering in windy or rainy days, but also grasping the amount of irrigation water according to the texture of the soil to prevent lodging.
Second, we must carefully apply fertilizer to prevent late-maturing jointing, generally through the foliar spray fertilizer to supplement the demand for wheat fertilizer. The principle of selecting fertilizers and fertilizers is to prevent premature aging and prevent greediness. This year, wheat, especially late-seeding wheat, should not be sprayed with nitrogenous amino acids, urea and other foliar fertilizers as long as it is not yellowing or lacking nitrogen in leaves or wheat cultivation for strong gluten. Phosphate, potash fertilizer and trace element fertilizers should be sprayed. The purpose is to prevent the late-maturing of wheat as soon as possible. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate is generally used, and the growth-control agents such as insecticides and brassinolides, which are used to prevent and treat pests and insects, are added to the water and formulated into a compound solution. “One spray, three defenses†are applied 2-3 times. In the market, there is often potassium dihydrogen phosphate, which is actually a ternary compound fertilizer. Nitrogen is contained in nutrients, and care should be taken when using it.
Third, we need to do a good job of "one spray and three defenses" as soon as possible to achieve timely response, early prevention and early control, and take preventive measures. Last winter, the warm winter diseases and insects had a higher wintering base, which caused some diseases and pests of wheat to occur earlier this year. It is expected that the wheat aphid, red spider, midge, scab, and powdery mildew may be prevalent. Therefore, "one spray and three defenses" should be based on the actual occurrence of pests and diseases in the field, and can be started earlier before flowering. Pay attention to even spraying and prevention of injury; strictly abide by the safe operation procedures for pesticides, do personnel protection, and prevent pesticide poisoning; do a good job in the cleaning of pesticide spraying equipment, the recycling of packaging wastes such as pesticide bottle bags, and focus on agricultural ecological security.
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