Seaweed fertilizer refers to the use of large algae grown in the sea as a raw material to extract the active ingredients in seaweed by chemical or physical or biological methods, to make fertilizer, and to apply plants as nutrients, which can promote plant growth and improve Production, improve the quality of agricultural products.
First, seaweed fertilizer characteristics
The excellent seaweed fertilizer uses advanced technology to break the cell wall of seaweed, release the contents, and concentrate to form seaweed extract, thus retaining the rich minerals and trace elements in seaweed, and also contains a certain amount of polyphenol compounds and seaweed. Polysaccharides and a large number of growth regulators such as cytokinin, auxin, cytokinin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, gibberellin, ethylene, betaine, polyamine, trans-N6-isoprene Bismuth and its derivatives, aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, ethylene precursor, indole acetic acid, hydrazine compound, etc., greatly retain the pure natural active ingredients, and also contain a large amount of potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), iodine (I) and other dozens of minerals and rich in vitamins, integrating nutrients, anti-biomass, pure natural hormones.
1, rich in a variety of natural growth-like substances.
Such as auxin, red microtin, cell-like division, polyphenolic compounds and antibiotics, have high biological activity, can stimulate the production of non-specific active factors in plants and regulate the balance of endogenous hormones, and promote the photosynthetic of plants. The role of crops in a coordinated growth and development, improve their vitality and resistance to disease, insects, drought, phlegm, low temperature and other adverse conditions.
2. Compared with chemical fertilizers, it has incomparable advantages in terms of yield increase, stress resistance, naturalness and non-toxic side effects. Compared with conventional leaf fertilizer, in addition to significantly promoting crop growth, root development, photosynthesis, and strong plants, pure natural seaweed extract is also rich in protein, amino acids, carbohydrates, inorganic salts, vitamins, plant hormones, polyphenols. Bioactive substances such as polysaccharides can greatly improve crop quality, enhance disease resistance, cold resistance, drought resistance, promote early fruit ripening, and increase economic value. The content of the article comes from the Mengyi Long Agricultural WeChat platform.
3. Enhance the ability of plants to absorb water, retain water, resist drought and resist cold. It can be combined with chemical fertilizers to form organic and inorganic compound fertilizers, enhance fertilizer efficiency, improve soil structure, increase soil permeability and water retention capacity, and prevent soil deterioration. The mannitol contained can greatly increase the water absorption capacity and chlorophyll content of crops, and the leaf area increases by more than 10%. The abscisic acid regulates the stomatal closure of the leaves, reduces the water dispersion of the crops, and can reduce the dosage of fertilizer and water by about one third.
4. It forms a complex with pesticides through physical and chemical interactions and is a good pesticide dilution synergist. This product is suitable for crops such as vegetables, fruits, flowers, tea, tobacco, grain, oil, and gardening. Due to the presence of polysaccharides in seaweed fertilizer, it has strong adhesion when mixed with most pesticides (except strong alkaline pesticides), which can significantly improve the efficacy and prolong the efficacy period.
Second, the production method of seaweed fertilizer
Generally, it can be divided into chemical hydrolysis method (ie, potassium hydroxide hydrolysis method), physical extraction method, biological fermentation method (ie, enzymatic degradation method), and the like, and the biological active substance is extracted from the waste of the seaweed industry, and then scientifically prepared. Into the fertilizer.
The extraction method has a great influence on the content of active substances and nutrients in the product. Even if the content of nutrients is the same, the content of active substances may vary greatly. The active ingredient of seaweed can maintain its original state at the maximum, and its use effect is the best. The best way to produce algae organic fertilizer is cold cell rupture technology, which can maximize the activity of algae active substances, followed by organisms. The degradation method can well preserve the activity of the active substance, while the chemical hydrolysis method is poor.
1. At present, most domestic and foreign manufacturers mainly use chemical hydrolysis to produce seaweed fertilizer. The biggest disadvantage of chemical hydrolysis method is that high alkali temperature destroys the activity of endogenous substances in seaweed. There are many such products, such as cheap domestic small manufacturers. Seaweed fertilizer.
2. The principle of the biological fermentation method is to use the various enzymes produced by microorganisms in the metabolic process of taking algae as nutrients to degrade the macromolecular substances constituting the seaweed into small molecules and water-soluble substances, because the fermentation process has no chemical method. Strong alkali and high temperature can well preserve the activity of active ingredients in seaweed. Some seaweed fertilizers imported from Ireland and Norway are produced by this method.
3. The physical extraction method uses the differential pressure cold cell blasting process to achieve the purpose of breaking the cell wall of seaweed. It can preserve the activity of the active ingredients in the algae cell liquid, and maximize the effect of seaweed fertilizer. The whole production process is not added. Any foreign matter. The seaweed fertilizer produced by the method has excellent quality and good quality.
Third, the source of seaweed fertilizer main raw material (seaweed)
At present, the seaweed in the seaweed fertilizer of most manufacturers is actually kelp; the true quality seaweed fertilizer, the seaweed is taken from the wild giant algae in the deep sea without pollution. The main difference between the two is that the giant algae living in the deep sea has a much higher endogenous active substance content than the kelp due to the harsh growth environment, and the harmful heavy metal content is as low as the limit.
Several high quality seaweeds that produce seaweed fertilizer:
1. Giant Spirulina (Ecklo nia maxima): It is prolific in the cold sea water on the west coast of South Africa. It is rich in natural auxin and cytokinin. It can grow to 3 meters in two years and is known as a marine forest. The growth environment is harsh, and it can maintain high-speed growth in extremely cold sea water, and it is found that the growth-promoting substances contained therein are highly active. It is a good raw material for producing high quality seaweed fertilizer.
2. Ascophyllum nodosum: Produced from the Norwegian coast of the North Atlantic and the Icelandic coast, it has a low growth environment and is rich in protein and natural high-quality nutrients. It is a high-quality raw material for the preparation of feed and fertilizer.
3, Laminaria japo nica Aresch: mainly distributed in the Kuril Islands, Sakhalin Island and Japan's Hokkaido, the Pacific Ocean and the North Atlantic Ocean, China's Liaodong Peninsula and Shandong Peninsula, the output is large, fast growing, general domestic enterprises It is used to extract algae for food or fertilizer processing.
4. Seaweed fertilizer has the following advantages compared with traditional fertilizer:
1. Environmental protection:
a, seaweed fertilizer is a natural seaweed extract, not only harmless to humans and animals, no pollution to the environment, and the special component of seaweed - seaweed polysaccharide can not only chelate heavy metal ions, but also increase soil permeability, this soil The air conditioning function makes the soil less susceptible to erosion by wind, water, etc. Its unique resistance to stress greatly reduces the amount of pesticide applied.
b. Alginic acid is also a natural soil regulating substance, which can promote the formation of soil particle structure, increase beneficial microorganisms in the soil, increase the biological vitality of the soil, improve soil fertility and reduce the pollution of harmful substances of pesticides and fertilizers, and facilitate the establishment of soil. A more dynamic and harmonious plant-soil ecosystem.
2, high efficiency (less application), easy to absorb, high utilization:
a. The active ingredients of seaweed fertilizer are processed into small molecules that are easily absorbed and transmitted by plants. They are easily soluble in water and can be quickly absorbed, transmitted and utilized by plants within a few hours after use.
b. Alginic acid in seaweed fertilizer can reduce the surface tension of water, make its active ingredients very stable, easy to store and convenient to use; it is very beneficial to the absorption and utilization of various nutrients by plants, and ensures that various nutrients are in an effective state;
c. Seaweed fertilizer can be mixed with most pesticides and fertilizers, and has synergistic effect. As a bio-fertilizer that combines nutrition and conditioning, its unique composition is applied to plants in a very small amount, but it does not have the effect that other fertilizers can't.
3. Increase production:
In the 16 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions, Thailand, Australia and other countries, trials and demonstrations of dozens of crops such as food crops, cash crops, fruit trees, flowers, etc., the yield increase of seaweed fertilizer is 8.6-36.5%, input and output Ratio 1:8.3-22.5.
4, improve quality:
Practices at home and abroad have confirmed that seaweed can significantly improve the quality of agricultural products and increase the value of their products. For example, the oil content of oil crops can be increased, the sugar content of sugar crops can be increased, the sweetness, flavor and coloration of fruits can be improved, the uniformity of products can be improved, the crops can be prematurely matured, the market can be listed in advance, and the storage period can be extended.
5. Enhance plant resistance to diseases, insects and stress:
a. Seaweed fertilizer can improve the vitality and immunity of crops, inhibit pests and diseases, and have obvious preventive and control effects on virions. It can also alleviate the damage of crops caused by drought, waterlogging, low temperature, salt and alkali stress, and benefit crops. Recovery after the disaster.
b. The phenolic polymer and betaine in seaweed fertilizer regulate the osmotic pressure of cell liquid and chloroplast, and protect a series of enzymes into active resistant chemicals in cells damaged by drought, cold and insect diseases. Strong resistance to insects, anti-fungals, anti-line worms, anti-aphids and cold and drought resistance. The combination of iodide, copper and zinc in seaweed fertilizer with humic salt is a chemically stable antifouling agent for crops.
Five, five characteristics of seaweed fertilizer:
1. Seaweed fertilizer is more comprehensive than traditional fertilizers. After crop application, the growth is balanced, the yield increase effect is remarkable, and there is very little deficiency syndrome.
The seaweed fertilizer uses natural seaweed as the main raw material, and contains a large number of natural bioactive substances extracted from seaweed, which are beneficial to plant growth and development, and mineral nutrients absorbed by seaweed from the sea and enriched in the body, including seaweed polysaccharides and phenols. Poly compounds, mannitol, betaine, plant growth regulators (cytokinins, gibberellins, auxins, abscisic acid, etc.) and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements such as iron, boron, molybdenum, iodine.
In addition, in order to increase the efficiency of fertilizer and the chelation of fertilizers, some products also dissolve the proper amount of humic acid and appropriate trace elements to meet the nutritional needs of various stages of crop growth.
2. Seaweed fertilizer contains a large number of anti-disease factors and special ingredients, and the drug is double-effect. After the application of crops, the resistance to stress is significantly enhanced, and foliar application can improve the effect of pesticides.
Seaweed polysaccharides contained in seaweed fertilizer, oligosaccharides, mannitol, phenolic poly-compounds, betaine, alginic acid and natural antibiotics, have significant antibacterial, anti-viral and insect-repellent effects, and truly act as fertilizers. It can greatly enhance the cold resistance, drought resistance, disease resistance, lodging resistance and salt and alkali resistance of crops, and produce strong resistance to diseases, viral diseases, anthrax, downy mildew, gray mold, powdery mildew and blight.
In addition, alginic acid in seaweed fertilizer can reduce the surface tension of water, form a film on the surface of plants, increase the contact area, make water-soluble substances easier to penetrate into the plant cells through the cell membrane on the surface of stems and leaves, so that plants can absorb most effectively. The nutrients in the seaweed extract. If the seaweed fertilizer is mixed with insecticides and fungicides, it has synergistic effect and can reduce the spraying cost.
3. Seaweed fertilizer contains a large amount of high active ingredients, which are easily absorbed by plants. After crop application, the growth is strong, which can significantly improve the yield and quality of crops.
Seaweed polysaccharides, alginic acid, highly unsaturated fatty acids and other substances unique to seaweed have high biological activity and can stimulate the production of non-specific active factors in plants. At the same time, seaweed fertilizer also contains natural plant growth regulators, such as: auxin, cytokinin and gibberellin, the proportion of which is similar to the proportion of hormones in terrestrial plants, and has a good regulation of endogenous hormone balance. effect.
After crop application, the yield and quality increased significantly, leafy vegetables increased yield by more than 20%, grain crops increased by more than 15%, fruit trees increased by 10% to 30%, and the number of first-grade fruits increased to over 80%, which significantly increased tobacco. The quality of cash crops such as cotton and flowers, especially for greenhouse vegetable crops, has a significant effect on increasing production.
4. Seaweed fertilizer is rich in organic matter and slow release factor, and has long fertilizer effect, which can improve soil micro-ecology, promote soil rooting and resist heavy mites.
Seaweed fertilizer can directly increase soil organic matter through soil or through plants, and activate various beneficial microorganisms in the soil. These microorganisms act as catalysts in the metabolic cycle of plants and microorganisms, increasing the biological effectiveness of the soil. Plant and soil microbial metabolites provide plants with more nutrients.
At the same time, the chelation system formed by seaweed polysaccharide can release nutrients slowly and prolong fertilizer efficiency. In addition, it contains natural compounds such as sodium alginate, which is a natural soil conditioner that promotes the formation of soil aggregate structure, improves the pore space inside the soil, coordinates the ratio of solid, liquid and gas in the soil, and restores the soil due to excessive burden. The natural gelatin balance lost by chemical pollution increases the biological vitality of the soil and promotes the release of available nutrients, which is beneficial to root growth and improve the stress resistance and resistance of crops.
5. Seaweed fertilizer is natural and safe.
Traditional chemical fertilizers have a single effect and serious pollution, and long-term use can lead to the destruction of soil structure. Seaweed is a natural seaweed extract. It has good affinity with terrestrial plants. It is non-toxic and harmless to humans and animals. It has no pollution to the environment. It has the advantages that no other chemical fertilizer can match. It is listed as organic in foreign countries. Special fertilizer for food.
Seaweed fertilizer aggregates a variety of active substances in the ocean, and has many advantages such as comprehensive nutrition, disease resistance, increased production, live soil, pollution-free, etc. It is a good fertilizer that truly conforms to the direction of modern agriculture. (Duan Hongtao)
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