After long-term cultivation and domestication and artificial selection, the green pepper has a shape change such as increased fruit, thick flesh, disappeared spicy taste and increased carpel and ovary tree. People use green peppers as vegetables instead of seasonings. Here is a description of the cultivation techniques of green pepper.
First, the characteristics of pepper and the requirements for environmental conditions
(1) Characteristics
1. The main root of pepper is underdeveloped and the amount is small. The root group is mostly distributed in the topsoil layer of 10~15cm. The root system is neither drought-tolerant nor resistant to phlegm. Root regeneration ability is weaker than tomato and eggplant. Not tolerant to fat.
2. Generally, when the main stem grows to 7 to 15 leaves, flower buds are formed at the stem end, and growth continues with the branches of the scorpion or the scorpion. In general, even in the same variety, planting in autumn, the number of leaves when tillering is less than that in spring, generally 8 to 9 pieces.
3, high temperature and drought. High temperature and rain are easy to induce the occurrence and spread of viral diseases.
Agriculture to get rich: the key points of autumn green pepper planting technology!
4, the flowering, fruit drop and falling leaves of the pepper (commonly known as "three falling") are also prone to occur, which is an important issue in the production of pepper, which has a great impact on the yield.
(2) Requirements for environmental conditions
1, temperature. 1 germination period: from seed germination to cotyledon flattening, true leaves revealed. The germination temperature is 25 ° C ~ 30 ° C, less than 16 ° C is not easy to germinate. 2 seedling stage: from the true leaves revealed to the first flower bud. The seedlings grow at a moderate temperature of 26 ° C ~ 30 ° C during the day, and the night temperature is 20 ° C ~
At 25 ° C, the soil temperature is 17 ° C ~ 22 ° C. 3 Flowering result period: From the first flower bud to the first fruit setting fruit is the initial flowering period. The temperature during the day is 20 ° C ~ 25 ° C, and the temperature at night is 16 ° C ~ 20 ° C. 4 When the temperature exceeds 40 ° C, the growth almost stops.
2, lighting. Medium light intensity is required, around 45,000 lux. Poor growth under strong direct light, and prone to daily burns. The average temperature-sensitive vegetable, the light saturation point of photosynthesis, is mostly around 50,000 lux.
3. Moisture. The water demand is not too high, but the root group is not developed, and it is difficult to obtain high yields without keeping the soil moist. When the pepper is flooded for several hours, the plant will cause death.
4. Soil. It grows well in soil with high dryness, good drainage and rich and fertile soil. Generally, sand and clay can be cultivated, but it is not suitable for planting in low-lying water. Avoid continuous cropping with Solanaceae crops.
5. Fertilizer. The growth period is long, and the nutrient conditions of the soil are strict, and it can be grown on the medium or above fertile soil before high yield. And the application of heavy fertilizer, the early fattening effect is obvious.
Agriculture to get rich: the key points of autumn green pepper planting technology!
Second, autumn green pepper cultivation technology
(1) Variety selection
Use high temperature, anti-virus, strong growth, concentrated results, fruit thick, more cold-tolerant varieties. The advantage of pepper hybrids is extremely obvious, and the application of hybrid horn pepper is advocated.
(2) Sowing period
July 10-16, that is, the seedling stage of pepper (from the true leaf revealed to the first flower bud) sowing, the autumn will generally be about 35d to emerge, planted on August 15-20, live on about 5d, then enter Flowering period. Therefore, the choice of July 10-15 seeding is conducive to the vegetative growth of pepper and increase production. On the other hand, peppers have the habit of continuous flowering, even if the nectar falls, the eggplant continues. From the average temperature, in the first 10 days of August, the first 5 days and the last 5 days, the calendar year is 26.9 ° C, 26.6 ° C, the average temperature in the first half of September is 25.3 ° C. The suitable temperature for peppering results is 20 ° C ~ 25 ° C. In autumn, in general, it is cooler in the morning and evening. Therefore, analyzing the climate in late August and early September is more favorable for the flowering of pepper.
In general, autumn peppers can be harvested about 40 days after planting, and we strive to start collecting green peppers at the end of September.
Agriculture to get rich: the key points of autumn green pepper planting technology!
(3) Cultivate strong seedlings
When planting, because of high temperature, strong light, and typhoon and rain, seedlings must be carried out in a shaded greenhouse. Seedlings are seeded by using nutritious clods or plastic clams. We believe that it is better to nurse the nutrients in the soil, and the plastic seedlings are prone to water loss and accompanying high temperatures.
(4) Management after emergence
1. Appropriate amount of water to prevent drought, but avoid high temperature.
2, the right amount of application of quick-acting fertilizer, generally with 0.5% concentration of imported compound fertilizer liquid poured.
3. Spray with chlorothalonil, carbendazim and fungicide 600 times to prevent disease. Insecticides are treated with insecticides such as lesbian.
4, strong seedling standards: plant height of about 15cm, stem thicker than 0.4cm, there are 7 ~ 8 true leaves, fresh buds, thick leaves, dark green leaves, developed roots, no pests and diseases.
(5) Daejeon preparation and planting
1. Select the front field and the field of non-solanaceae crops in the previous year, such as green corn fields and watermelon fields.
2, Daejeon overturned whitening 2 times, depending on the fertility of the field, about 2500kg of succulent fertilizer per 667m2 and about 100kg of domestic compound fertilizer, ploughing and mixing.
3, 畦 wide 1.8m with ditch, open a good ditch system.
4, planting in the evening, each line of 3 lines, plant spacing
27cm, line spacing 45cm, planting about 4,000 plants per 667m2. The line spacing should not be too wide, otherwise it is not conducive to building a small ring shed in the future. The seedlings are made "three belts", that is, with soil, with fertilizer, and with medicine. While planting, water the water.
5, rehydration from the 2nd, add pesticides in the water when rehydrating, and water the roots. In the future, depending on the living conditions, re-water the water until it is alive.
6. Advocate the setting of a small ring shed, covered with a sunshade net during the day.
Agriculture to get rich: the key points of autumn green pepper planting technology!
(6) Daejeon Management
1. After planting the live tree for about 5 days, the tree is poured. Use 0.6% urea water or 0.6% concentration of imported compound fertilizer water.
2, after the application of live fertilizer, the color of the leaves is not lack of fertilizer, generally do not need to immediately topdress, in order to prevent the length. When the temperature is high and dry, the water will be poured in the morning and evening to keep the soil moist. Do not flood the water.
3, after the fruit to increase fertilizer, pay attention to the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, generally with urea and imported compound fertilizer alternate use.
4. In the management of Daejeon, prevent drought and post-rain damage, and the occurrence and spread of high-humidity-induced viral diseases.
5. Focus on the prevention and control of the damage of the night moth and cotton bollworm.
6. Generally, when the fruit is fully expanded, the peel is firm, and the color is deep and shiny, the quality is good. Early fruit should be harvested early. During the harvesting period, the fertilizer should be continuously topdressed.
7. In late October, the temperature dropped significantly. It needs to be covered with a small ring shed and film to prevent frost. This is an important measure to increase production. The small ring shed used in spring has also been fully utilized. Pepper is a continuous crop, frozen below 5 °C, but the fruit grows even at 7 °C ~ 10 °C.
8. After the first frost comes, the flower buds and young fruit are all removed, so that the nutrients are concentrated to supply the big fruit.
9, small ring shed cover film cultivation, harvest period can be extended to the end of November.
The price of green pepper is slightly more expensive than ordinary pepper and has high economic benefits. It is the best choice for farmers to grow rich.
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