The low-temperature and high-humidity environmental conditions in the winter facilities are conducive to bacterial infections, especially after watering, which makes it more likely to aggravate the disease epidemic. This has a great impact on the yield and quality of vegetables. The prevention and control of botrytis cinerea in winter facilities should coordinate the use of agricultural control, physical control and biological control technologies to reduce the occurrence of depression. Chemical pesticides should be used to control hazards during key periods to minimize the use of chemical pesticides and ensure the safety and quality and safety of facilities.
Agricultural control: selection of disease-resistant varieties, crop rotation, reasonable water and fertilizer, fitness cultivation. Plant hard red tomato fruit that is more resistant to disease; crops that are less susceptible to gray mold have been changed for more than three years. The use of mulching or drip irrigation, sunny morning watering, flood irrigation to avoid flooding, timely ventilation and humidity after watering. Properly dense planting to prevent excessive density, resulting in poor ventilation in the middle and lower parts; timely pruning pruning, picking the old leaves and diseased flowers, diseased fruit, diseased branches and leaves, out of the shed to focus on high-temperature stacking or buried, reduce infection source.
Physical control: the implementation of high temperature drenched soil disinfection. After the harvest, the diseased body was removed, and the soil was mixed with the soil in the summer heat season. The chicken manure and the soil miscellaneous fertilizer were applied to the soil. The water was covered with a plastic film and compacted, and the pot was closed for about 30 days. Severe disease fields can be disinfected with lime nitrogen high-temperature boring sheds. In summer, the temperature is 50-70 kg of lime nitrogen per acre and 600 kg of straw. Deeply plough the soil so that the lime nitrogen is evenly mixed with the surface 10 cm of soil, and the irrigation water keeps the soil moisture content above 70%. Cover the surface with transparent film, and use the soil around the membrane. The pressure is tight, and the closed greenhouse is warmed. The membrane is ventilated and ventilated for 15 to 20 days. The soil is ploughed and dried for 10 days before sowing or transplanting. Controlling temperature and humidity creation is not conducive to the incidence of gray mold disease. In the sunny winter morning of 30 minutes, the humidity is reduced to 75% or less, and then the shed is closed. The shed temperature rises to 30 degrees, and the temperature is controlled to 28 to 32 degrees. In the afternoon, the ventilation is increased and the humidity is increased. Control to 70% or less.
Biological control: Use of biological pesticides to control gray mold. In the early stage of the onset of gray mold disease in facilities, use 10% multi-amycin WP 150 g, or 300 million CFU/H. harziatis 150 g, or 100 billion spores/g Bacillus subtilis 600 g, or 1 % Shenximycin Suspension 100 g watered 20-30 kg evenly sprayed.
Chemical control:
1. Smoke method. At the beginning of the disease, 45% of chlorothalonil smoke agent 150g, or 20% of Pythium chlorothalonil smoke agent 200g, or 15% of allogeneic bacteriochlorine smoke agent 300g, placed in the shed 4 to 5, evening I ignited the smoke and closed the shed for 1 night. The next morning was aeration. I smoked it once every 7 days.
2. Spray method. At the beginning of the disease, 25% of the 25% suspension of Pythium humicum and 150g of 43% of procymidone suspension, or 50% of 100% of iprodione suspension, or 22% of suspension of picoxystrobin are used. 40 grams, or 20% of pyrimethanil suspension 150 grams, or 50 grams of 50% boscalidizine water dispersible granules, or 50% Prochloraz Manganate wettable powder 30-40 grams, or 25% 80 to 100 ml of oxazole EC, or 50% of 50% fluazinam dispersible granules, uniformly sprayed with 20 to 30 kg of water; or 50% of fluocinonil wettable powder 100PPM, or 50% of Ketodran WP 1000PPM, or 50% cyprodinil water dispersible granules 500PPM uniform spray, acres of spray liquid volume of 20 to 30 kg.
Note: Ventilation and dehumidification are timely after medicine to avoid increasing the humidity in the shed due to application of pesticides; adhere to alternating use of drugs and alternate use of drugs; ensure that the drugs are picked after a safe interval to ensure that pesticide residues in vegetables do not exceed the standard.
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