Cucumber cultivation in greenhouses can better control the time to market, and has become one of the main cultivation methods. The Huinong School now introduces the greenhouse cultivation techniques in greenhouses as follows.
Preparation before sowing
Choose good varieties
According to the local environmental conditions, the varieties with low temperature resistance, high temperature resistance, strong disease resistance, strong growth potential and high yield are selected.
Seedbed preparation
In the seedbed nutrient soil, 6 parts of the soil that had not been planted with melon vegetables, 3 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, and 1 part of the decomposed horse manure were mixed and sieved. The nutrient soil after sieving can be equipped with some medicines to prevent seedling disease, blight and so on. The size of the seedbed should be determined according to the area of ​​the colonized field.
Soaking seeds, germination
1 to 3 days before sowing, the seeds are gilded for 10 to 15 minutes with warm water of 55-60 ° C, and continuously stirred until the water temperature drops to 30-35 ° C. The seeds are repeatedly rinsed, and the mucus is washed with water and soaked. 3 to 4h. Soak the seeds with 0.10% carbendazim hydrochloride solution containing active ingredients for 1 hour, rinse with water, then soak for 4 hours with water, then remove and wash for 1 time, remove the water, dry it, wrap it with a damp cloth, and place it at 28-32 °C. Under the conditions of germination 1 ~ 2d, when the seeds are 70% white, they can be sown.
Sowing at the right time
In early spring, the sowing period of cucumber is in the middle and late January; after autumn, cucumber is generally suitable for sowing in August to early September.
Site preparation
According to the growth and development of cucumber, the nutrient regularity and soil nutrient content, balanced fertilization is achieved. Generally, 75,000 kilograms of high-quality decomposed organic fertilizer, 300kg of urea, 1125kg of superphosphate, and 450kg of potassium sulfate are applied per hectare, and then turned into a shackle.
Colonization
When the seedlings are 2 leaves and 1 heart, they can be planted. Choose sunny morning or evening. The planting density is 5/250,000 plants/h, and the small arch shed is buckled on the raft after planting.
Field management
Temperature management The temperature in the morning is kept at around 30 °C, and it drops to 20-25 °C in the afternoon; it stays at 16-17 °C in the middle of the night and 11-13 °C in the middle of the night. Ventilation is used to regulate the temperature, and the greenhouse is mainly based on natural ventilation.
top dressing
In the melon period, combined with watering for topdressing, each time he applied 45 kg of urea, 75 kg of potassium sulfate, or 150 kg of high-nitrogen and high-potassium fertilizer per hectare.
Water management
After planting, it is necessary to pour 1 seedling water. When the cucumber grows to 12 leaves, pour the second water. After entering the period of fruiting, watering is carried out according to factors such as growth and weather. It is best not to water the cucumber 7 to 10 days before the vines to reduce the water content of the stem tissue and enhance the toughness of the stem tissue.
Shaping
In the case of more female flowers in the main summer, the early side branches below 6-8 knots should be removed in time to reduce nutrient consumption. After the main vine grows to 25 to 30 true leaves, the tip of the sputum is used, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are added after the apex.
Prevention and control of pests and diseases
Downy mildew. In the early stage of the disease, it can spray 75% chlorothalonil WP 500 times + methyl thiophanate 500 times solution, or 600 times 64% anti-virus WP WP; in the middle of the disease, use DuPont kelu, Anke + Pinrun mixture Or Xi Xian Ma Lin + Daisen Mn-Zn mixture, the dosage see product description. Spray evenly on both sides of the spray. In the later stage of the disease, all the diseased leaves were removed and treated with high temperature and stagnation method.
Bacterial angular plaque. At the beginning of the disease, spray chlortetracycline 5000 times solution, 77% can kill WP 400 times solution, 47% ruinong WP 600-800 times solution, 70% nail cream copper WP 600 times solution, above The medicament can be used alternately, sprayed once every 7 to 10 days, and continuously sprayed 3-4 times.
Liriomyza. Using fly-killing paper to trap adult worms, in the period from the beginning of the adult to the end of the adult period, 225 trapping points per hectare, 1 fly-trap paper to trap adult insects at each point, 1 to 3 days; larvae in a leaf of the victim crop 5 heads. Mastering the larvae before the age of 2, the larvae begin to foliar activity after the dew is dry at 8-11, or the larvae are sprayed with 25% of the larvae 1500 times solution and 1.8% of the edulis when the larvae are drilled from the worm. Dairy oil 3000 times solution, 5% cis-fenvalerate EC 2000 times solution, 25% insecticidal double water agent 500 times solution, 98% insecticidal single soluble powder 800 times solution, 1% synergistic 7051 biological insecticidal 2000 Double solution, 1.5% Abatin emulsifiable concentrate 3000 times solution, 20% Kangfu poly concentrated solvent 4000 times solution, 5% taibao emulsifiable concentrate 2000 times solution, 36% gram fly emulsifiable concentrate 1000-1500 times solution and 5% dead One of 2,000 emulsifiable concentrates and the like. The prevention and control time is best at 8:00~12:00 in the peak period of adult emergence. In addition, biological control methods can also be used, such as the release of parasitoids such as the wasp on the parasitoids. The effect is better.
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