Just entering the winter, the temperature is not too low, the soil has not been frozen, and the fruit trees should be pruned in winter. When pruning, combined with the application of organic fertilizer, according to the condition of the tree, the number of flower buds, the site conditions, and the fertility of the soil, determine whether it is the pruning method of “dividing the potential†or “combining the potential†and grasping the degree of pruning and the amount of pruning.
Three principles
The principle of balancing the tree. The purpose of pruning is to balance the tree and promote the moderateness of the tree. Before the dynamic shearing, it is necessary to observe the tree potential of the whole garden and the tree potential of each tree, and then decide whether to adopt the pruning method of “dividing the potential†or “combining the potentialâ€. It should be emphasized that pruning is only a means, and it is best to combine with the application of organic fertilizer and fertility in the ground to receive the desired effect.
The principle of opening the light path. Another purpose of winter pruning is to open the light path and allow the fruit trees to occupy a reasonable space. Whether it is a Qiaohua tree or a dwarf tree, it is necessary to make rational use of space in the plastic trimming to achieve ventilation and light transmission, so as to produce good fruit.
The principle that light should not be heavy. Fruit trees result in short branches and branches. In order to make enough production capacity next year to produce high-quality fruit, we must strictly grasp the principle of being light and not suitable when we pruning in winter, and stay as much as possible to avoid excessive trauma. If the amount of acres is too small or too much, there will be shortcomings such as low production or serious years. For the trimmed sawing mouth, it is necessary to apply sealing and cutting oil in time to protect it from frostbite.
Keep an eye on "four points"
Before the leaves are cut, cut walnuts, grapes and other susceptible fruit trees. After the leaves, cut the apricots, plums, peaches and other stone fruits, and then cut the apples, pears and other fruit trees.
The tree species should cut the weak tree first, then cut the moderate tree, and then cut the tree.
The flower "big year" tree is properly cut early, and some weak branches and weak buds are shrunk, so that the limited storage nutrients of the tree are concentrated to the retained shoot buds, laying a good foundation for the next year's results. The "small year" tree night shear can identify the clear flower buds, so that the winter cuts the flower buds to ensure a certain yield in the same year.
For the same species in the same area, the winter and cold fruit areas with a height of over 800 meters should be cut at a suitable time, and the warm fruit areas with a low altitude below 700 meters should be cut early. According to the survey, the degree of healing of the sawing slash and the occurrence of rot disease have a certain causal relationship with the freezing damage of the branches. The fruit area with severe winter cold can be pruned one month before germination, and the cold and cold period is missed by appropriate night shearing to avoid the freezing of the cutting kerf and reduce the occurrence of rot.
In addition, when trimming, you should use more high ladders and less trees, don't wear hard-soled shoes, especially leather shoes, big shoes and nail shoes, so as not to step on the bark, it is better to wear rubber shoes and cloth shoes. After trimming, it is necessary to apply protective agents such as sealing and shearing oil to the sawing opening in time.
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