Smartphones are playing an increasingly important role in our daily lives – the first thing many people do after blinking is to take a lap of the phone and see what happens next to them. What happens if we can use these smartphones for medical health? Today, Professor Ye Haifeng from Shanghai East China Normal University brought a heavy invention. Using a combination of mobile phones and optogenetics, the researchers can manipulate cells in diabetic mice to secrete glucagon-like peptide 1 or insulin, which stabilizes blood sugar levels.
This heavyweight discovery was published on the cover of the latest issue of Science Translational Medicine.
Diabetes affects a wide range of people around the world. According to estimates by the World Health Organization, there are 415 million people with diabetes worldwide, of which 100 million are in China. That is to say, one out of every 13 Chinese people is a diabetic. For diabetics, they currently have limited treatment options: in addition to controlling diet, or long-term injection of insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1, patients have no other reliable disease control.
In the study, Professor Ye Haifeng's team was keenly aware that a mobile phone that people can't live without in their daily lives might bring a new treatment for diabetes. To achieve this goal, you need to use a tool that has the potential to win the Nobel Prize - optogenetics. We know that the normal physiological function of the human body depends on the function of many genes. The "open" and "off" of some genes directly determine whether a person is healthy. In optogenetics, light can be used to control the function of genes by means of in vitro control. At specific wavelengths of light, researchers can specify a number of genes to initiate and benefit the body.
What happens if we can use light to control the secretion of insulin or glucagon-like peptide-1?
â–² Professor Ye Haifeng (front row, right one) project portfolio (Source: Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology)
To answer this question, the researchers first developed a cell that can be regulated by light. These cells activate specific genes under the illumination of far-infrared light that is harmless to the human body. In the previous experiments, the researchers confirmed that these cells only responded to far-infrared light, and the stronger the illumination, the longer the illumination time, the more obvious the effect of these genes.
â–²The stronger the light (left), the longer the illumination time (right), the more active the genes in these cells (Source: Science Translational Medicine)
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