(1) Biological characteristics
The root system of celery is shallow and few. Celery likes a cool and humid environment. The optimum temperature for germination is 15-20°C. The germination is slow and uneven at high temperatures, but the seedling stage can tolerate high temperatures, and the seedlings can also tolerate low temperatures of -7°C. Celery requires low temperature to pass through the vernalization stage, and bolts and blooms through the light stage under long-day sunlight.
(2) Cultivation season and variety selection
Although celery can be cultivated more than once a year, from the perspective of soilless cultivation in the protected area, the autumn and winter stubble with the highest yield and the best benefits should be the main. It is generally sown in early August, planted in early September to early October, and harvested around January.
There are two types of celery cultivated in northern my country:
1. Real straw celery
The petiole is full, the texture is crisp and tender, the yield is high and the storage is durable, the adaptability is strong, it is not easy to bolt, but the growth rate is slow, suitable for autumn and winter and overwintering protected cultivation. The representative varieties are Huantai real straw celery, Tianjin Huangmiao celery, Shanghai Qinggeng celery and so on.
2. Empty straw celery
The petiole is hollow, thick in texture and fast growing. Representative varieties include Shandong Fushan celery and Yantai large-leaf celery.
In addition to the above-mentioned common celery, a variety of celery has been cultivated in many areas in recent years-celery. Celery is a variety of celery introduced from abroad in the past ten years. Generally speaking, the petiole of celery is slender and the content of crude fiber is relatively high, while the petiole of celery is wide and the content of crude fiber is lower, it is crisper to eat, taste better, and the yield is higher, but the fragrance of celery Not as good as Benqin. But the output is high and the economic benefits are also good.
(3) Soilless cultivation methods
Celery can be cultivated by NFT, DFT, rock wool cultivation or other substrate cultivation methods. There are not many reports on the use of soilless cultivation of celery in my country. According to the "Soilless Cultivation Techniques of Celery Rock Wool" conducted by relevant experts, it is believed that the use of trough rock wool to cultivate celery is not only low in cost and effective, but also suitable for my country’s conditions. Promotion and application in production. The method is: leveling the ground, compacting the soil layer, and making a tank with a depth of 20cm, a width of 60-100cm, and a length of about 10m. The trough is extended from north to south, with a slope of 1:70 and a pitch of 30cm. Pave a layer of 0.1mm thick polyethylene film inside, filled with matrix such as rock wool, vermiculite or river sand. After seedlings are grown, they are planted at a row spacing of 10cm (the row spacing of celery is 20cm×30cm). One seedling is planted in each hole, and 40,000 to 50,000 plants can be planted each time. Supply the liquid in time after planting, generally without slowing the seedling.
(4) Cultivation management
1. Nutrient solution formula
One is that the selected special celery nutrient solution formula (Table 1) has a good cultivation effect, the EC value of the formula is 1.75ms/cm, and the pH is adjusted to 6.0-6.5; the other is the single use of compound fertilizer (15:15:15). Phosphorus potassium ammonium nitrate) 1000mg/L. The EC value is 1.7ms/cm, and the pH is adjusted to 6.0-6.5.
2. Post-planting management
(1) Temperature management
Celery is a cold-loving vegetable. It is very important to control the temperature to meet the needs of celery.
Generally speaking, the seedling stage has strong adaptability to temperature, while in the product formation stage, the temperature requirements are relatively strict. Generally, the suitable temperature is maintained at 18-25℃ during the day and 12-15℃ at night. The temperature of the nutrient solution is 18-20°C. The root temperature is lower than 15℃ for a long time, which is unfavorable for growth.
(2) Nutrient solution management
In different growth periods of celery, the amount and frequency of fluid supply should not be the same. During the peak period of growth, supply liquid 2 to 3 times a day (drip irrigation or watering), and it can be appropriately reduced in the early and late stages. If the nutrient solution is not recovered, water should be poured every few days.
(5) Timely harvest
After celery seedlings are planted, about 50-60 days, when the plant height is about 70-80cm, harvest at the right time according to market needs.
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